Leonard pairs having specified end-entries

DOI10.1016/J.LAA.2014.09.024MaRDI QIDQ471920zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Kazumasa Nomura

Publication date 17 November 2014

Published in Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1409.4333

zbMATH Keywords

tridiagonal matrixtridiagonal pairLeonard pair

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Association schemes, strongly regular graphs (05E30) Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45) Basic orthogonal polynomials and functions (Askey-Wilson polynomials, etc.) (33D45) Linear transformations, semilinear transformations (15A04)

Abstract: Fix an algebraically closed field $mathbbF$ and an integer $dgeq3$. Let $V$ be a vector space over $mathbbF$ with dimension $d+1$. A Leonard pair on $V$ is an ordered pair of diagonalizable linear transformations $A:VoV$ and $A^{\ast }:VoV$, each acting in an irreducible tridiagonal fashion on an eigenbasis for the other one. Let ${v_i}_{i=0}^d$ (resp. ${v_i^{\ast }}_{i=0}^d$) be such an eigenbasis for $A$ (resp. $A^{\ast }$). For $0leqileqd$ define a linear transformation $E_i:VoV$ such that $E_i{v}_i=v_i$ and $E_i{v}_j=0$ if $jeqi$ $(0leqjleqd)$. Define $E_i^{\ast }:VoV$ in a similar way. The sequence $Phi=(A,{E_i}_{i=0}^d,A^{\ast },{E_i^{\ast }}_{i=0}^d)$ is called a Leonard system on $V$ with diameter $d$. With respect to the basis ${v_i}_{i=0}^d$, let ${h_i}_{i=0}^d$ (resp. ${a_i^{\ast }}_{i=0}^d$) be the diagonal entries of the matrix representing $A$ (resp. $A^{\ast }$). With respect to the basis ${v_i^{\ast }}_{i=0}^d$, let ${het{a}_i^{\ast }}_{i=0}^d$ (resp. ${a_i}_{i=0}^d$) be the diagonal entries of the matrix representing $A^{\ast }$ (resp. $A$). It is known that ${het{a}_i}_{i=0}^d$ (resp. ${h_i^{\ast }}_{i=0}^d$) are mutually distinct, and the expressions $(het{a}_{i-1}-het{a}_{i+2})/(het{a}_i-het{a}_{i+1})$, $(het{a}_{i-1}^{\ast }-het{a}_{i+2}^{\ast })/(het{a}_i^{\ast }-het{a}_{i+1}^{\ast })$ are equal and independent of $i$ for $1leqileqd-2$. Write this common value as $$. In the present paper we consider the "end-entries" $het{a}_0$, $het{a}_d$, $het{a}_0^{\ast }$, $het{a}_d^{\ast }$, $a_0$, $a_d$, $a_0^{\ast }$, $a_d^{\ast }$. We prove that a Leonard system with diameter $d$ is determined up to isomorphism by its end-entries and $$ if and only if either (i) $$ and $q^{d-1}eq-1$, where $$, or (ii) $$ and $extChar(mathbbF)eq2$.

Recommendations

• The end-parameters of a Leonard pair
• Leonard pairs having LB-TD form
• How to recognize a Leonard pair
• A characterization of Leonard pairs using the notion of a tail
• Affine transformations of a Leonard pair

Cites work

• Affine transformations of a Leonard pair
• An algebraic approach to the Askey scheme of orthogonal polynomials
• Balanced Leonard pairs
• Leonard pairs from 24 points of view.
• Some trace formulae involving the split sequences of a Leonard pair
• The end-parameters of a Leonard pair
• Two linear transformations each tridiagonal with respect to an eigenbasis of the other
• Two linear transformations each tridiagonal with respect to an eigenbasis of the other; comments on the parameter array

Cited in

(5)

• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7373356 (Why is no real title available?)
• Self-dual Leonard pairs
• Leonard pairs having zero-diagonal TD-TD form
• Three mutually adjacent Leonard pairs
• The end-parameters of a Leonard pair

This page was built for publication: Leonard pairs having specified end-entries

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q471920)