Persistence versus extinction under a climate change in mixed environments
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Abstract: This paper is devoted to the study of the persistence versus extinction of species in the reaction-diffusion equation: �egin{equation} u_t-Delta u=f(t,x_1-ct,y,u) quadquad t>0, xinOmega,
onumber end{equation} where is of cylindrical type or partially periodic domain, is of Fisher-KPP type and the scalar is a given forced speed. This type of equation originally comes from a model in population dynamics (see cite{BDNZ},cite{PL},cite{SK}) to study the impact of climate change on the persistence versus extinction of species. From these works, we know that the dynamics is governed by the traveling fronts , thus characterizing the set of traveling fronts plays a major role. In this paper, we first consider a more general model than the model of cite{BDNZ} in higher dimensional space, where the environment is only assumed to be globally unfavorable with favorable pockets extending to infinity. We consider in two frameworks: the reaction term is time-independent or time-periodic dependent. For the latter, we study the concentration of the species when the environment outside becomes extremely unfavorable and further prove a symmetry breaking property of the fronts.
The author studies the persistence versus extinction of species in the reaction-diffusion equation \[ u_t-\Delta u=f(t,x_1-ct,y,u), \quad t>0, x\in \Omega,\eqno(1) \] which is considered in two frameworks: (1) \(f\) is time-independent and \(x=(x_1,y)\in \Omega=\mathbb{R}\times \omega\), where \(\omega\) is an open, bounded and smooth domain in \(\mathbb{R}^{N-1}\); (2) \(f\) is periodic in \(y\) and \(t\), and \(x=(x_1,y)\in \mathbb{R}^N\). For the first case, the homogeneous Neumann boundary condition is considered, and the traveling front is of the form \(u(t,x)=U(x_1-ct,y)>0\) for \(x\in \Omega\). There exists a threshold value \(c^*\) such that \(U(x_1-ct,y)\) exists and is unique for \(0\leq c<c^*\). Moreover, the species is persistent as \(0\leq c<c^*\), but is extinct as \(c>c^*\). For the second case, the pulsating front is of the form \(u(t,x)=U(t,x_1-ct,y)>0\) for \(x\in \mathbb{R}^N\). Let \(\tilde{\lambda}_1\) be the generalized principal eigenvalue of the linearized operator of the wave profile equation; then \(\tilde{\lambda}_1<0 \) leads to the existence and uniqueness of pulsating front, and also the persistence of the species, while \(\tilde{\lambda}_1\geq 0 \) is corresponding to the extinction of the species. The equation (1) originally comes from a model in population dynamics to study the impact of climate change. Based on this consideration, the author further studies the concentration of the species when the environment outside \(\Omega\) become extremely unfavorable. At the last, a symmetry breaking property of the fronts was presented.
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Cited in
(57)- Spatial dynamics of a nonlocal dispersal population model in a shifting environment
- Forced waves of the Fisher-KPP equation in a shifting environment
- Phase separation patterns from directional quenching
- Spreading and vanishing for a monostable reaction-diffusion equation with forced speed
- Can a population survive in a shifting environment using non-local dispersion?
- Adaptation in a heterogeneous environment I: persistence versus extinction
- Moving-habitat models: a numerical approach
- Spatial dynamics of some modified Leslie-Gower prey-predator model with shifting habitat
- Forced waves of parabolic-elliptic Keller-Segel models in shifting environments
- Forced waves for a three-species predator-prey system with nonlocal dispersal in a shifting environment
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- Spreading of two competing species in advective environment governed by free boundaries with a given moving boundary
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- Spatial-temporal dynamics of a Lotka-Volterra competition model with nonlocal dispersal under shifting environment
- Nonlocal dispersal equations in time-periodic media: principal spectral theory, limiting properties and long-time dynamics
- Propagation dynamics of a reaction-diffusion equation in a time-periodic shifting environment
- Forced waves of a three species predator-prey system in a shifting environment
- A spectral condition for Liouville-type result of monostable KPP equation in periodic shear flows
- Survival in locally and globally changing environments
- Uniqueness and global stability of forced waves in a shifting environment
- Persistence versus extinction for two competing species under a climate change
- Existence, uniqueness and qualitative properties of positive solutions of quasilinear elliptic equations
- Asymptotic propagations of a nonlocal dispersal population model with shifting habitats
- Forced waves of a delayed reaction-diffusion equation with nonlocal diffusion under shifting environment
- Persistence and propagation of a PDE and discrete-time map hybrid animal movement model with habitat shift driven by climate change
- Propagation dynamics of nonlocal dispersal competition systems in time-periodic shifting habitats
- Propagation dynamics in a heterogeneous reaction-diffusion system under a shifting environment
- Spatial dynamics of a nonlocal dispersal Leslie-Gower predator-prey model with some shifting habitats
- Spreading dynamics for a predator-prey system with two predators and one prey in a shifting habitat
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- A free boundary model for mosquitoes with conditional dispersal in a globally unfavorable environment induced by climate warming
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- A hybrid finite element method for moving-habitat models in two spatial dimensions
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- Spreading dynamics for stochastic Fisher-KPP equation with shifting environment
- Spreading dynamics for diffusive competition systems in shifting environments
- Reaction-diffusion equations for population dynamics with forced speed. I: The case of the whole space
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