Spontaneous wave formation in stochastic self-driven particle systems

DOI10.1137/20M1315567zbMATH Open1465.90019arXiv1912.04881OpenAlexW2995716450MaRDI QIDQ4990940FDOQ4990940

Authors: Martin Friesen, Hanno Gottschalk, Barbara Rüdiger, A. Tordeux 

Publication date: 2 June 2021

Published in: SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Waves and oscillations are commonly observed in the dynamics of self-driven agents such as pedestrians or vehicles. Interestingly, many factors may perturb the stability of space homogeneous streaming, leading to the spontaneous formation of collective oscillations of the agents related to stop-and-go waves, jamiton, or phantom jam in the literature. In this article, we demonstrate that even a minimal additive stochastic noise in stable first-order dynamics can initiate stop-and-go phenomena. The noise is not a classic white one, but a colored noise described by a Gaussian Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. It turns out that the joint dynamics of particles and noises forms again a (Gaussian) Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process whose characteristics can be explicitly expressed in terms of parameters of the model. We analyze its stability and characterize the presence of waves through oscillation patterns in the correlation and autocorrelation of the distance spacing between the particles. We determine exact solutions for the correlation functions for the finite system with periodic boundaries and in the continuum limit when the system size is infinite. Finally, we compare experimental trajectories of single-file pedestrian motions to simulation results.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.04881

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zbMATH Keywords

autocorrelationstability analysisinteracting particle systemMarkovian processself-driven particle systemstop-and-go wave

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of queueing theory (congestion, allocation, storage, traffic, etc.) (60K30) Stochastic ordinary differential equations (aspects of stochastic analysis) (60H10) Interacting particle systems in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C22) Traffic problems in operations research (90B20)

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Cited In (5)

• On the emergence of traffic jams in a stochastic traffic flow driven by additive and multiplicative white Gaussian noise processes
• Stability analysis of a stochastic port-Hamiltonian car-following model
• White and relaxed noises in optimal velocity models for pedestrian flow with stop-and-go waves
• Emergency evacuation dynamics in complex configurations
• Spontaneously generated waves in perturbed evolution equations

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