Inverse problems for nonlinear hyperbolic equations with disjoint sources and receivers

DOI10.1017/FMP.2021.11zbMATH Open1479.35946arXiv2006.12158OpenAlexW3209715778WikidataQ115563685 ScholiaQ115563685MaRDI QIDQ5014069FDOQ5014069

Authors: Ali Feizmohammadi, Lauri Oksanen, M. Lassas 

Publication date: 6 December 2021

Published in: Forum of Mathematics, Pi (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The paper studies inverse problems of determining unknown coefficients in various semi-linear and quasi-linear wave equations. We introduce a method to solve inverse problems for non-linear equations using interaction of three waves, that makes it possible to study the inverse problem in all dimensions $n+1geq3$. We consider the case when the set $Omeg{a}_{extrmin}$, where the sources are supported, and the set $Omeg{a}_{extrmout}$, where the observations are made, are separated. As model problems we study both a quasi-linear and also a semi-linear wave equation and show in each case that it is possible to uniquely recover the background metric up to the natural obstructions for uniqueness that is governed by finite speed of propagation for the wave equation and a gauge corresponding to change of coordinates. The proof consists of two independent components. In the first half we study multiple-fold linearization of the non-linear wave equation near real parts of Gaussian beams that results in a three-wave interaction. We show that the three-wave interaction can produce a three-to-one scattering data. In the second half of the paper, we study an abstract formulation of the three-to-one scattering relation showing that it recovers the topological, differential and conformal structures of the manifold in a causal diamond set that is the intersection of the future of the point $p_{in}inOmeg{a}_{extrmin}$ and the past of the point $p_{out}inOmeg{a}_{extrmout}$. The results do not require any assumptions on the conjugate or cut points.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.12158

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zbMATH Keywords

source-to-solution mapdetermining unknown coefficients

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Initial value problems for second-order hyperbolic equations (35L15) Second-order semilinear hyperbolic equations (35L71) Second-order quasilinear hyperbolic equations (35L72) Inverse problems for PDEs (35R30) Hyperbolic equations on manifolds (58J45) Propagation of singularities; initial value problems on manifolds (58J47)

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Cited In (14)

• Recovery of zeroth order coefficients in non-linear wave equations
• Inverse problems for quadratic derivative nonlinear wave equations
• Inverse problem for Einstein-scalar field equations
• Inverse problems for linear and non-linear hyperbolic equations
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• Determining a nonlinear hyperbolic system with unknown sources and nonlinearity
• Nonlinear ultrasound imaging modeled by a Westervelt equation
• An Inverse Boundary Value Problem Arising in Nonlinear Acoustics

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