Global well-posedness of the Euler-Korteweg system for small irrotational data
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Abstract: The Euler-Korteweg equations are a modification of the Euler equations that takes into account capillary effects. In the general case they form a quasi-linear system that can be recast as a degenerate Schr"odinger type equation. Local well-posedness (in subcritical Sobolev spaces) was obtained by Benzoni-Danchin-Descombes in any space dimension, however, except in some special case (semi-linear with particular pressure) no global well-posedness is known. We prove here that under a natural stability condition on the pressure, global well-posedness holds in dimension for small irrotational initial data. The proof is based on a modified energy estimate, standard dispersive properties if , and a careful study of the nonlinear structure of the quadratic terms in dimension and involving the theory of space time resonance.
The subject of the paper under review is the compressible Euler-Korteweg system. This system can be seen as a generalization of the standard compressible Euler equations, because of the presence of the so-called Korteweg tensor, which is intended to take into account capillary effects and models, in particular the behavior at the interfaces of a liquid-vapor mixture. This system appears in different frameworks, for instance for a special choice of the tensor one can recover formally the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Also, in the irrotational case (i.e. the initial velocity is irrotational), the system can be reformulated as a quasilinear Schrödinger equation. The main contribution of the authors in this paper is the proof of the global well-posedness and asymptotically linear behavior of small smooth solutions near the constant sate \((\rho,u)=(\overline\rho,0)\), where \(\rho\) and \(u\) stand for the fluid density and velocity field respectively. This seems to be the first global well-posedness result for the Euler-Korteweg system in the case of a general pressure and capillary coefficient. The proofs are different in dimensions 3 and 4 and when it is greater than 4 and beside standard techniques the authors rely on some singular multiplier estimates.
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