Spatially dependent multiple testing under model misspecification, with application to detection of anthropogenic influence on extreme climate events
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Publication:5229893
DOI10.1080/01621459.2018.1451335zbMATH Open1462.62707arXiv1703.10002OpenAlexW2795789751WikidataQ130043311 ScholiaQ130043311MaRDI QIDQ5229893FDOQ5229893
Authors: Mark D. Risser, Christopher J. Paciorek, Dáithí A. Stone 
Publication date: 19 August 2019
Published in: Journal of the American Statistical Association (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: The Weather Risk Attribution Forecast (WRAF) is a forecasting tool that uses output from global climate models to make simultaneous attribution statements about whether and how greenhouse gas emissions have contributed to extreme weather across the globe. However, in conducting a large number of simultaneous hypothesis tests, the WRAF is prone to identifying false "discoveries." A common technique for addressing this multiple testing problem is to adjust the procedure in a way that controls the proportion of true null hypotheses that are incorrectly rejected, or the false discovery rate (FDR). Unfortunately, generic FDR procedures suffer from low power when the hypotheses are dependent, and techniques designed to account for dependence are sensitive to misspecification of the underlying statistical model. In this paper, we develop a Bayesian decision theoretic approach for dependent multiple testing and a nonparametric hierarchical statistical model that flexibly controls false discovery and is robust to model misspecification. We illustrate the robustness of our procedure to model error with a simulation study, using a framework that accounts for generic spatial dependence and allows the practitioner to flexibly specify the decision criteria. Finally, we apply our procedure to several seasonal forecasts and discuss implementation for the WRAF workflow.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.10002
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Bayesian nonparametricsfalse discovery ratedecision theoryclimate modelsempirical orthogonal functionsgeneralized double Paretoevent attribution
Inference from spatial processes (62M30) Hypothesis testing in multivariate analysis (62H15) Applications of statistics to environmental and related topics (62P12)
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