Characterizations of HN^1(R^n) and BMON(R^n) via weak factorizations and commutators

Abstract: This paper provides a deeper study of the Hardy and

m B M O

spaces associated to the Neumann Laplacian

D e l t a_{N}

. For the Hardy space

H_{D e l t a_{N}}^{1} (m a t h b b R^{n})

(which is a proper subspace of the classical Hardy space

H^{1} (m a t h b b R^{n})

) we demonstrate that the space has equivalent norms in terms of Riesz transforms, maximal functions, atomic decompositions, and weak factorizations. While for the space

{m B M O}_{D e l t a_{N}} (m a t h b b R^{n})

(which contains the classical

m B M O (m a t h b b R^{n})

) we prove that it can be characterized in terms of the action of the Riesz transforms associated to the Neumann Laplacian on

L^{i} n f t y (m a t h b b R^{n})

functions and in terms of the behavior of the commutator with the Riesz transforms. The results obtained extend many of the fundamental results known for

H^{1} (m a t h b b R^{n})

and

m B M O (m a t h b b R^{n})

.

Review text

Denote by \(\Delta_N\) the Neumann Laplacian on \(\mathbb{R}^n\). For \(f\in L^1(\mathbb{R}^n)\), the Littlewood-Paley area function \(S_L(f)\) is defined by, for any \(x\in\mathbb{R}^n\), \[ S_L(f)(x):=\left\{\int_{0}^{\infty}\int_{|x-y|<t}\left|t^2\Delta_N e^{-t^2\Delta_N}(f)(y)\right|^2\,\frac{dydt}{t^{n+1}}\right\}^{1/2}. \] Then the Hardy space \(H^1_{\Delta_N}(\mathbb{R}^n)\), associated with the operator \(\Delta_N\), is defined by \[ H^1_{\Delta_N}(\mathbb{R}^n):=\left\{f\in L^1(\mathbb{R}^n):\;\|f\|_{H^1_{\Delta_N}(\mathbb{R}^n)}:= \|S_L(f)\|_{L^1(\mathbb{R}^n)}<\infty\right\}. \] Furthermore, denote by \(\mathrm{BMO}_{\Delta_N}(\mathbb{R}^n)\) the BMO space associated with \(\Delta_N\). In this paper, the authors characterized the Hardy space \(H^1_{\Delta_N}(\mathbb{R}^n)\) in terms of Riesz transforms, maximal functions, atomic decompositions and weak factorizations. Moreover, for the space \(\mathrm{BMO}_{\Delta_N}(\mathbb{R}^n)\), the authors proved that it can be characterized in terms of a Fefferman-Stein decomposition and the behavior of the commutator with Riesz transforms. The above results extend the known results for the classical Hardy space \(H^1(\mathbb{R}^n)\) and BMO space \(\mathrm{BMO}(\mathbb{R}^n)\).

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Characterizations of H__N^1(R^n) and BMO__N(R^n) via weak factorizations and commutators

Characterizations of HN^1(R^n) and BMON(R^n) via weak factorizations and commutators