Lower bound of Riesz transform kernels and commutator theorems on stratified nilpotent Lie groups

DOI10.1016/J.MATPUR.2018.06.012MaRDI QIDQ1732998zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Xuan Thinh Duong, Hong-Quan Li, Ji Li, Brett Wick

Publication date 26 March 2019

Published in Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.01153

zbMATH Keywords

BMO spacecommutatordiv-curl lemmaRiesz transformsstratified nilpotent Lie groups

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singular and oscillatory integrals (Calderón-Zygmund, etc.) (42B20) Analysis on ordered groups, (H^p)-theory (43A17) Analysis on other specific Lie groups (43A80)

Abstract: We provide a study of the Riesz transforms on stratified nilpotent Lie groups, and obtain a certain version of the pointwise lower bound of the Riesz transform kernel. Then we establish the characterisation of the BMO space on stratified nilpotent Lie groups via the boundedness of the commutator of the Riesz transforms and the BMO function. This extends the well-known Coifman, Rochberg, Weiss theorem from Euclidean space to the setting of stratified nilpotent Lie groups. In particular, these results apply to the well-known example of the Heisenberg group. As an application, we also study the curl operator on the Heisenberg group and stratified nilpotent Lie groups, and establish the div-curl lemma with respect to the Hardy space on stratified nilpotent Lie groups.

Review text

A connected, simply connected nilpotent Lie group $G$ is said to be stratified if its Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ of left-invariant vector fields admits the stratification $\mathfrak{g}=\oplus_{i=1}^k V_i$, where $[V_1,V_i]=V_{i+1}$, $1\le i\le k-1$. Let $\{X_j\}_1^n$ be a basis of $\mathfrak{g}$ identified through the exponential map with $G$ and let $\Delta=\sum_1^n X_j^2$ be the sublaplacian on $G$. In the paper under review, the authors study the Riesz transforms $R_j$, $j=1,\ldots,n$, formally defined by $R_j=X_j(-\Delta)^{-1/2}$. The problem of $L^p$ boundedness, $1<p<\infty$, of such transforms was widely studied, not only in the Euclidean case but also in other different settings, for instance, in the case of nilpotent Lie groups [\textit{N. Lohoué}, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I 301, 559--560 (1985; Zbl 0582.43003)]. In the context of the Heisenberg group, the $L^p$ bound was proved to be independent of the dimension [\textit{T. Coulhon} et al., Math. Ann. 305, No. 2, 369--379 (1996; Zbl 0859.22006)]. \par The first of the two main results of the paper under review furnishes a lower bound of the kernel $K_j(g_1,g_2)$, $g_1,g_2\in G$, where $K_j$ is the kernel associated with $R_j$. The second result establishes an $L^p$ boundedness, $1<p<\infty$, of the commutator operator $f\to [b,R_j]f$, where $b\in \text{BMO}(G)$. More specifically, it is proved that the $L^p$ norm of this operator is comparable with $\|b\|_{\text{BMO}(G)}$. As an application of the obtained results the \textit{curl} operator on the Heisenberg groups and, more generally, on stratified Lie groups is studied.

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Cited in

(29)

• Commutators on weighted Morrey spaces on spaces of homogeneous type
• The commutators of Bochner-Riesz operators for elliptic operators
• Commutators, BMO, Hardy spaces and factorization: a survey
• The L^p-to-L^q boundedness of commutators with applications to the Jacobian operator
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• Two weight commutators on spaces of homogeneous type and applications
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• On the average operators, oscillatory integrals, singular integrals and their applications
• Boundedness of some commutators in Dunkl-Fofana spaces
• An extension of Riesz transform on stratified Lie groups
• The characterization for the quantitative weighted bounds of the maximal Calderón commutator with rough kernel
• Calderon's commutator on stratified Lie groups
• Lipschitz spaces via commutators of Riesz transforms on stratified Lie groups
• Uniform boundedness and compactness for the commutator of an extension of Riesz transform on stratified Lie groups
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• Hardy-Littlewood maximal functions, Riesz transform, and their commutators in the Dunkl setting
• Grušin operators, Riesz transforms and nilpotent Lie groups

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