On the geometry of random lemniscates

DOI10.1112/PLMS/PDW039MaRDI QIDQ5298293zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Erik Lundberg, Antonio Lerario

Publication date 14 December 2016

Published in Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.02295

zbMATH Keywords

Kac-Rice integralsKostlan ensemblerandom lemniscaterandom rational functions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Random power series in one complex variable (30B20) Zeros of polynomials, rational functions, and other analytic functions of one complex variable (e.g., zeros of functions with bounded Dirichlet integral) (30C15) Miscellaneous topics of analysis in the complex plane (30E99)

Abstract: We investigate the geometry of a random rational lemniscate $Gamma$, the level set $|r(z)|=1$ on the Riemann sphere of the modulus of a random rational function $r$. We assign a probability distribution to the space of rational functions $r=p/q$ of degree $n$ by sampling $p$ and $q$ independently from the complex Kostlan ensemble of random polynomials of degree $n$. We prove that the average emph{spherical length} of $Gamma$ is $fracp{i}^{2}2sqrtn,$ which is proportional to the square root of the maximal spherical length. We also provide an asymptotic for the average number of points on the curve that are tangent to one of the meridians on the Riemann sphere (i.e. tangent to one of the radial directions in the plane). Concerning the topology of $Gamma$, on a local scale, we prove that for every disk $D$ of radius $O(n^{-1/2})$ in the Riemann sphere and any emph{arrangement} (i.e. embedding) of finitely many circles $AsubsetD$ there is a positive probability (independent of $n$) that $(D,GammacapD)$ is isotopic to $(D,A)$. (A local random version of Hilbert's Sixteenth Problem restricted to lemniscates.) Corollary: the average number of connected components of $Gamma$ increases linearly (the maximum rate possible according to a deterministic upper bound).

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Cited in

(14)

• On a geometric property of Lemniscates
• The lemniscate tree of a random polynomial
• Real lines on random cubic surfaces
• Kac-Rice formula for transverse intersections
• On the zeros of random harmonic polynomials: the truncated model
• Low-degree approximation of random polynomials
• On the lemniscates of rational functions
• The arc length and topology of a random lemniscate
• Asymptotics for the expected number of nodal components for random lemniscates
• Random geometry on the sphere
• Inradius of random lemniscates
• On the number of components of random polynomial lemniscates
• Expectation of a random submanifold: the zonoid section
• On the shapes of rational lemniscates

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