Measures of Association for Cross Classifications

DOI10.2307/2281536zbMath0056.12801OpenAlexW4292692520MaRDI QIDQ5828342

Leo A. Goodman, William H. Kruskal

Publication date: 1954

Published in: Journal of the American Statistical Association (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL: https://doi.org/10.2307/2281536

zbMATH Keywords

Statistics

Related Items

A reformulation of the aggregate association index using the odds ratio ⋮ Improved tests of independence in singly-ordered two-way contingency tables ⋮ Copula modeling for discrete random vectors ⋮ A new correlation coefficient between categorical, ordinal and interval variables with Pearson characteristics ⋮ Comparison of classifications using measures intermediate between metric dissimilarity and consensus similarity ⋮ Finite normal mixture copulas for multivariate discrete data modeling ⋮ Multidimensional item response theory in the style of collaborative filtering ⋮ The generalized Taguchi's statistic: a passenger satisfaction evaluation ⋮ An algebraic generalisation of some variants of simple correspondence analysis ⋮ Modelling trends in ordered correspondence analysis using orthogonal polynomials ⋮ A system on categorical data analysis: SANI ⋮ The area under the ROC curve as a measure of clustering quality ⋮ Shared farthest neighbor approach to clustering of high dimensionality, low cardinality data ⋮ A Bayesian approach to the analysis of asymmetric association for two-way contingency tables ⋮ The knowledge content of statistical data ⋮ Copula regression spline models for binary outcomes ⋮ Linearity criterion for the selection of an optimal tree ⋮ Faithfulness and learning hypergraphs from discrete distributions ⋮ Decomposition of cumulative chi-squared statistics, with some new tools for their interpretation ⋮ Parameter-less co-clustering for star-structured heterogeneous data ⋮ MDCgo takes up the association/correlation challenge for grouped ordinal data ⋮ Measuring the influence of individual data points in a cluster analysis. ⋮ Effect magnitude: a different focus ⋮ Statistical study of data collected by the Observatoire National des Maladies du Bois de la Vigne ⋮ Three-way association measure decompositions: the Delta index ⋮ A classification method for binary predictors combining similarity measures and mixture models ⋮ The William Kruskal legacy: 1919-2005 ⋮ Customer satisfaction analysis: identification of key drivers. ⋮ On the index of dissimilarity for lack of fit in loglinear and log-multiplicative models ⋮ Improved rank-based dependence measures for categorical data. ⋮ MCS: A method for finding the number of clusters ⋮ Learning with mitigating random consistency from the accuracy measure ⋮ Behavior-based clustering and analysis of interestingness measures for association rule mining ⋮ Predicting dependent binary outcomes through logistic regressions and meta-elliptical copulas ⋮ fastWKendall: an efficient algorithm for weighted Kendall correlation ⋮ Variance estimation of nominal-scale inter-rater reliability with random selection of raters ⋮ On similarity coefficients for \(2\times2\) tables and correction for chance ⋮ Directionally collapsible parameterizations of multivariate binary distributions ⋮ Tests of ignoring and eliminating in nonsymmetric correspondence analysis ⋮ Evaluating clustering factor approach to estimating block selectivities ⋮ Size invariant measures of association: characterization and difficulties ⋮ On exploratory analytic method for multi-way contingency tables with an ordinal response variable and categorical explanatory variables ⋮ The conjunctive model of hierarchical classes ⋮ Generalized constrained co-inertia analysis ⋮ Measure of asymmetric association for ordinal contingency tables via the bilinear extension copula ⋮ A measure of association for complex data ⋮ Correspondence analysis and optimal structural representations ⋮ Performance measures from prediction-realization tables ⋮ Investigating the European perception of food using moments obtained from non-symmetrical correspondence analysis ⋮ The ClasSi coefficient for the evaluation of ranking quality in the presence of class similarities ⋮ Invariant ordering of item-total regressions ⋮ On segregation: ordering and measuring ⋮ The correlational agreement coefficient CA(\(\leq,D\))---a mathematical analysis of a descriptive goodness-of-fit measure ⋮ Nonparametric IRT: testing the bi-isotonicity of isotonic probabilistic models (ISOP) ⋮ Interval estimation of gamma for an \(R\times S\) table ⋮ Item response theory with estimation of the latent population distribution using spline-based densities ⋮ Inequalities between kappa and kappa-like statistics for \(k\times k\) tables ⋮ A note on Freeman's measure of association for relating an ordered to an unordered factor ⋮ A comparative study of association measures ⋮ Descriptive measures for nominal categorical variables ⋮ An associative-categorical model of word meaning ⋮ Constraints on concordance measures in bivariate discrete data ⋮ A survey of graph edit distance ⋮ Cohen's kappa is a weighted average ⋮ Means and variances for a family of similarity indices used in cluster analysis ⋮ Some exact conditional tests of independence for RxC cross-classification tables ⋮ Bounds on concordance-based validation statistics in regression models for binary responses ⋮ Partitioning a non-symmetric measure of association for three-way contingency tables ⋮ On association coefficients for \(2\times 2\) tables and properties that do not depend on the marginal distributions ⋮ Kappa coefficients for dichotomous-nominal classifications ⋮ Model-based clustering of multivariate ordinal data relying on a stochastic binary search algorithm ⋮ Correspondence analysis and the Freeman-Tukey statistic: a study of archaeological data ⋮ On the indeterminacy of resemblance measures for binary (presence/absence) data ⋮ Bounds of resemblance measures for binary (presence/absence) variables ⋮ Some interpretative tools for non-symmetrical correspondence analysis ⋮ Comparison of performance measures for multivariate discrete models ⋮ Antigen-driven selection in germinal centers as reflected by the shape characteristics of immunoglobulin gene lineage trees: a large-scale simulation study ⋮ Reliability of multiple classifications ⋮ On comparing two sequences of numbers and its applications to clustering analysis ⋮ Generalized measures of association for ranked data with an application to prediction accuracy ⋮ Testing noisy numerical data for monotonic association ⋮ Support ⋮ Goodman-Kruskal \(\gamma\) measure of dependence for fuzzy ordered categorical data ⋮ Simultaneous inference for Kendall's tau ⋮ Tests for independence in contingency tables with ordered categories ⋮ Non-symmetric correspondence analysis with ordinal variables using orthogonal polynomials ⋮ Inducing a desired value of correlation between two point-scale variables: a two-step procedure using copulas ⋮ Confidence regions and other tools for an extension of correspondence analysis based on cumulative frequencies ⋮ Metrics on spaces of finite trees ⋮ Goodman and Kruskal's gamma coefficient for ordinalized bivariate normal distributions ⋮ A comparative study of divisive and agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithms ⋮ Sharp lower and upper bounds for the covariance of bounded random variables ⋮ Simple statistical methods for scalogram analysis ⋮ Symmetrical and non-symmetrical variants of three-way correspondence analysis for ordered variables ⋮ Association of zero-inflated continuous variables ⋮ A note on approximation measures for multi-valued dependencies in relational databases ⋮ A sequential fitting procedure for linear data analysis models ⋮ An exact test on the Goodman-Kruskal \(\lambda\) for prediction on a dichotomy: Power considerations ⋮ Constructing optimal ultrametrics ⋮ A new class of weighted similarity indices using polytomous variables ⋮ Analysis of Local Dependence and Multidimensionality in Graphical Loglinear Rasch Models ⋮ Evaluating Health-Related Quality of Life: A Case-Study of Differential Item Functioning Analysis in Small Trials ⋮ Measuring association between nominal categorical variables: an alternative to the Goodman–Kruskal lambda ⋮ Power analysis of independence testing for three-way contingency tables of small sizes ⋮ Misunderstood and Unattributed: Revisiting M. H. Doolittle's Measures of Association, With a Note on Bayes’ Theorem ⋮ Contribution à l'analyse statistique des tableaux de corrélation ⋮ Ordinal data AHP analysis: A proposed coefficient of consistency and a nonparametric test ⋮ Privacy-preserving similarity coefficients for binary data ⋮ RAO'S STATISTIC FOR THE ANALYSIS OF UNIFORM ASSOCIATION IN CROSS-CLASSIFICATIONS ⋮ The effect of category choice on the odds ratio and several measures of association in case-control studies ⋮ Notes on interval estimation of the gamma correlation under stratified random sampling ⋮ Modeling Multivariate Count Data Using Copulas ⋮ The analysis of ordered categorical data: An overview and a survey of recent developments. (With discussion) ⋮ Entropy correlation coefficient for measuring predictive power of generalized linear models ⋮ Weighted inter-rater agreement measures for ordinal outcomes ⋮ PRE and Variable Precision Models in Rough Set Data Analysis ⋮ Random effects clustering in multilevel modeling: choosing a proper partition ⋮ A few statistical principles for data science ⋮ Combining Item Response Theory with Multiple Imputation to Equate Health Assessment Questionnaires ⋮ Association between nominal categorical variables: new measure formulation based on metric distances and value validity ⋮ A parameter-less algorithm for tensor co-clustering ⋮ On the exploration of regression dependence structures in multidimensional contingency tables with ordinal response variables ⋮ Distance‐based logistic model for cross‐classified categorical data ⋮ A novel clustering approach and prediction of optimal number of clusters: global optimum search with enhanced positioning ⋮ An extension of correspondence analysis based on the multiple Taguchi's index to evaluate the relationships between three categorical variables graphically: an application to the Italian football championship ⋮ On partial and conditional association measures for ordinal contingency tables ⋮ Improving the accuracy of estimating indexes in contingency tables using Bayesian estimators ⋮ Hierarchical co-clustering: off-line and incremental approaches ⋮ Explorative Data Analysis and CATANOVA for Ordinal Variables: An Integrated Approach ⋮ Exact and resampling probability values for the Piccarreta nominal–ordinal index of association ⋮ The analysis of dependence for three ways contingency tables with ordinal variables: A case study of patient satisfaction data ⋮ Regression in a copula model for bivariate count data ⋮ Studying the dependence between ordinal-nominal categorical variables via orthogonal polynomials ⋮ Visualizing main effects and interaction in multiple non-symmetric correspondence analysis ⋮ The power of generalized odds ratio in assessing association in genetic studies with known mode of inheritance ⋮ Unnamed Item ⋮ A generalized analysis of the dependence structure by means of ANOVA ⋮ Unnamed Item ⋮ The prediction index of aggregate data ⋮ CATANOVA for ordinal variables using orthogonal polynomials with different scoring methods ⋮ Analyses of model fit and robustness. A new look at the PISA scaling model underlying ranking of countries according to reading literacy ⋮ Generalized Laplacian approximations in Bayesian inference ⋮ Catanova for Two-Way Contingency Tables with Ordinal Variables Using Orthogonal Polynomials ⋮ Computing and using the deviance with classification trees ⋮ A dimensional reduction method for ordinal three-way contingency table ⋮ Correspondence Analysis of Cumulative Frequencies Using a Decomposition of Taguchi's Statistic ⋮ CATANOVA for two-way cross classified categorical data ⋮ Construction of an Off-Centered Entropy for the Supervised Learning of Imbalanced Classes: Some First Results ⋮ The gamma coefficient revisited ⋮ Copula-Based Models for Multivariate Discrete Response Data ⋮ Beyond kappa: A review of interrater agreement measures ⋮ Indexing 3D Scenes Using the Interaction Bisector Surface ⋮ Prediction logic: A method for empirical evaluation of formal theory† ⋮ Prediction logic and quasi‐independence in empirical evaluation of formal theory ⋮ Empirical evaluation of formal theory† ⋮ More about empirical evaluation of formal theory† ⋮ A review of statistical methods in the analysis of data arising from observer reliability studies (Part I) ⋮ A probabilistic model for nonsymmetric correspondence analysis and prediction in contingency tables ⋮ An asymptotic test on the goodman-kruskal ⋮ Comparison of two measures of association in two-way contingency tables ⋮ A statistical approach to growing a reliable honest tree. ⋮ Measures of association for nominal categorical variables ⋮ General framework for rotation invariant texture classification through co-occurrence of patterns ⋮ Auto-association measures for stationary time series of categorical data ⋮ A GENEALOGY OF CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS ⋮ ON THE EQUIVALENCE OF SOME INDICES OF SIMILARITY: IMPLICATION FOR BINARY PRESENCE/ABSENCE DATA ⋮ Calculating Bivariate Orthonormal Polynomials By Recurrence ⋮ A unified nonparametric IRT model for \(d\)-dimensional psychological test data (\(d\)-ISOP) ⋮ Mokken scale analysis for dichotomous items using marginal models ⋮ NON-SYMMETRICAL CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS WITH CONCATENATION AND LINEAR CONSTRAINTS ⋮ Relative clustering validity criteria: A comparative overview ⋮ Comparing confidence intervals for Goodman and Kruskal's gamma coefficient ⋮ Logarithmic minimum test for independence in three-way contingency table of small sizes ⋮ Fuzzy Decision Trees ⋮ Unnamed Item ⋮ Modelling count data via copulas ⋮ Multidimensional scaling of measures of distance between partitions ⋮ Measuring relationships in the log-linear probability model by some compact measures of association ⋮ A proportional-reduction-in-impurity measure of association for categorical variables ⋮ Assessing Partial Association Between Ordinal Variables: Quantification, Visualization, and Hypothesis Testing ⋮ Hierarchical clustering based on ordinal consistency ⋮ Semantic Similarity Between Adjectives and Adverbs—The Introduction of a New Measure ⋮ Modeling county level breast cancer survival data using a covariate-adjusted frailty proportional hazards model