Rotation prevents finite-time breakdown

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSD.2003.07.006MaRDI QIDQ596361zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Eitan Tadmor, Hailiang Liu

Publication date 10 August 2004

Published in Physica D (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0302012

zbMATH Keywords

formulationSpectral gapCritical thresholdsKineticRotational Coriolis forces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

PDEs in connection with fluid mechanics (35Q35) Dependence of solutions to PDEs on initial and/or boundary data and/or on parameters of PDEs (35B30) Nonlinear first-order PDEs (35F20) First-order nonlinear hyperbolic equations (35L60) Nonlinear effects in hydrodynamic stability (76E30) General theory of rotating fluids (76U05) Hydrology, hydrography, oceanography (86A05) Convection in hydrodynamic stability (76E06)

Abstract: We consider a two-dimensional convection model augmented with the rotational Coriolis forcing, $U_t+Ucdotabl{a}_{x}U=2k{U}^{p}erp$, with a fixed $2k$ being the inverse Rossby number. We ask whether the action of dispersive rotational forcing alone, $U^{p}erp$, prevents the generic finite time breakdown of the free nonlinear convection. The answer provided in this work is a conditional yes. Namely, we show that the rotating Euler equations admit global smooth solutions for a subset of generic initial configurations. With other configurations, however, finite time breakdown of solutions may and actually does occur. Thus, global regularity depends on whether the initial configuration crosses an intrinsic, $mathcalO(1)$ critical threshold, which is quantified in terms of the initial vorticity, $omeg{a}_0=ablaimes{U}_0$, and the initial spectral gap associated with the $2imes2$ initial velocity gradient, $et{a}_0:=lambd{a}_2(0)-lambd{a}_1(0),lambd{a}_j(0)=lambd{a}_j(abla{U}_0)$. Specifically, global regularity of the rotational Euler equation is ensured if and only if $4komeg{a}_0(alpha)+et{a}_0^2(alpha)<4k^2,forallalphain{R}^2$ . We also prove that the velocity field remains smooth if and only if it is periodic. We observe yet another remarkable periodic behavior exhibited by the {em gradient} of the velocity field. The spectral dynamics of the Eulerian formulation reveals that the vorticity and the eigenvalues (and hence the divergence) of the flow evolve with their own path-dependent period. We conclude with a kinetic formulation of the rotating Euler equation.

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Cited in

(36)

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