Asymptotics of the deformed higher order Airy-kernel determinants and applications

DOI10.1088/1361-6544/ACE1CBarXiv2306.14835OpenAlexW4383533924MaRDI QIDQ6169635FDOQ6169635

Authors: Jun Xia, Yifan Hao, Shuai-Xia Xu, Lun Zhang, Yuqiu Zhao 

Publication date: 15 August 2023

Published in: Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study the one-parameter family of Fredholm determinants $det(I-h{o}^{2}mathcal{K}_{n,x})$, $hoinmathbbR$, where $mathcal{K}_{n,x}$ stands for the integral operator acting on $L^2(x,+infty)$ with the higher order Airy kernel. This family of determinants represents a new universal class of distributions which is a higher order analogue of the classical Tracy-Widom distribution. Each of the determinants admits an integral representation in terms of a special real solution to the $n$-th member of the Painlev'{e} II hierarchy. Using the Riemann-Hilbert approach, we establish asymptotics of the determinants and the associated higher order Painlev'{e} II transcendents as $xo-infty$ for $0<|ho|<1$ and $|ho|>1$, respectively. In the case of $0<|ho|<1$, we are able to calculate the constant term in the asymptotic expansion of the determinants, while for $|ho|>1$, the relevant asymptotics exhibit singular behaviors. Applications of our results are also discussed, which particularly include asymptotic statistical properties of the counting function for the random point process defined by the higher order Airy kernel.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.14835

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zbMATH Keywords

asymptotic expansionsRiemann-Hilbert approachFredholm determinantslarge gap asymptoticshigher order Airy point processesPainlevé II hierarchy

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic approximations, asymptotic expansions (steepest descent, etc.) (41A60) Bessel and Airy functions, cylinder functions, ({}_0F_1) (33C10) Painlevé and other special ordinary differential equations in the complex domain; classification, hierarchies (34M55) Painlevé-type functions (33E17) Inverse problems (Riemann-Hilbert, inverse differential Galois, etc.) for ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M50)

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Cited In (3)

• Uniform tail asymptotics for Airy kernel determinant solutions to KdV and for the narrow wedge solution to KPZ
• Asymptotics of the deformed Fredholm determinant of the confluent hypergeometric kernel
• On the Fredholm determinant of the confluent hypergeometric kernel with discontinuities

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