Analytic structure of the associated Legendre functions of the second kind

DOI10.1063/5.0142253arXiv2301.04092MaRDI QIDQ6203740FDOQ6203740

Authors: Tianye Liu, Philip D. Mannheim 

Publication date: 8 April 2024

Published in: Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider the complex $u$ plane structure of the associated Legendre function of the second kind $Q_u^{-1/2-K}(coshho)$. We find that for any noninteger value for $K$ $Q_u^{-1/2-K}(coshho)$ has an infinite number of poles in the complex $u$ plane, but for any negative integer $K$ there are no poles at all. For $K=0$ or any positive integer $K$ there is only a finite number of poles, with there only being one single pole (at $u=0$) when $K=0$. This pattern is characteristic of the exceptional points that appear in a wide variety of physical contexts. However, unusually for theories with exceptional points, $Q_u^{-1/2-K}(coshho)$ has an infinite number of them. Other than in the $PT$-symmetry Jordan-block case, exceptional points usually occur at complex values of parameters. While not being Jordan-block exceptional points themselves, the exceptional points associated with the $Q_u^{-1/2-K}(coshho)$ nonetheless occur at real values of $K$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.04092

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Partial differential equations (35-XX) Quantum theory (81-XX)

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