Complex extension of quantum mechanics

DOI10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.89.270401zbMATH Open1267.81234arXivquant-ph/0208076OpenAlexW2140726841WikidataQ56813066 ScholiaQ56813066MaRDI QIDQ2837679FDOQ2837679

Authors: Dorje C. Brody, Carl M. Bender, Hugh F. Jones 

Publication date: 11 July 2013

Published in: Physical Review Letters (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: It is shown that the standard formulation of quantum mechanics in terms of Hermitian Hamiltonians is overly restrictive. A consistent physical theory of quantum mechanics can be built on a complex Hamiltonian that is not Hermitian but satisfies the less restrictive and more physical condition of space-time reflection symmetry (PT symmetry). Thus, there are infinitely many new Hamiltonians that one can construct to explain experimental data. One might expect that a quantum theory based on a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian would violate unitarity. However, if PT symmetry is not spontaneously broken, it is possible to construct a previously unnoticed physical symmetry C of the Hamiltonian. Using C, an inner product is constructed whose associated norm is positive definite. This construction is completely general and works for any PT-symmetric Hamiltonian. Observables exhibit CPT symmetry, and the dynamics is governed by unitary time evolution. This work is not in conflict with conventional quantum mechanics but is rather a complex generalisation of it.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0208076

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Sturm-Liouville theory (34B24) General quantum mechanics and problems of quantization (81S99)

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