Energy and large time estimates for nonlinear porous medium flow with nonlocal pressure in R^N
Fractional derivatives and integrals (26A33) Weak solutions to PDEs (35D30) PDEs in connection with fluid mechanics (35Q35) Fractional partial differential equations (35R11) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35) Existence, uniqueness, and regularity theory for compressible fluids and gas dynamics (76N10) Flows in porous media; filtration; seepage (76S05) Diffusive and convective heat and mass transfer, heat flow (80A19)
A quite general evolution equation of diffusive type for a compressible fluid in a porous media in the whole \(R^3\) is studied. Some nonlocal effects are considered. Two parameters \(m_1, m_2 >0\) represent the fluid density powers; a third parameter \(s \in (0,1)\) appears as a power of the Laplacian. Thus we have a fractional Laplacian pressure. A very interesting history of the recent results is given in the introduction. The new element is the proof of the existence of weak solutions, obtained by using Fourier analysis and the fundamental estimates of the Riesz potential. The main tools are fractional Sobolev spaces, the approximation of the fractional Laplacian \( (- \Delta)^s \) (obtained by using the Schwartz space and the Plancherel theorem) and some new functional inequalities, given in Section 2. A very interesting generalized version of Stroock-Varopoulos's inequality is proved in Lemma 3. The main result is given in Section 3. A regularized form of the initial equation is given, depending on some parameters and a convergence procedure is used, specific for each parameter. The decay estimates for the starting equation and the extinction in a finite time of weak solutions are obtained in the last part, by using (also) some well-known fundamental inequalities given in previous Lemmas 4 and 5. The authors show that some of the results of this paper remain valid for the case of a bounded domain and homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. All the calculation details are given in a very clear and elegant form, which makes their understanding possible even by less targeted readers in the field.
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