The Jacobians of Non-Split Cartan Modular Curves
Let \(E\) be an elliptic curve defined over \(\mathbb Q\) with complex multiplication, and let \(p\) be an odd prime. The mod \(p\) representation of \(E\) has image lying in the normalizer of a split or non-split Cartan subgroup of \(GL_2 (\mathbb F_p)\), if it is irreducible. Such a representation is called split or non-split dihedral, respectively. Let \(X^+_{\text{split}} (p)\) and \(X^+_{\text{non-split}} (p)\) be the modular curves defined over \(\mathbb Q\) which classify elliptic curves with split and non-split dihedral representation, respectively. Then \(X^+_{\text{split}} (p)\) is isomorphic to the modular curve \(X^+_0 (p^2)\). In this paper the author uses the Selberg trace formula to prove that \(X^+_{\text{non-split}} (p)\) is isogenous to the new part of \(X^+_0 (p^2)\). He also calculates an explicit formula for the trace of Hecke operators acting on the space of weight two cusp forms of \(X^+_{\text{split}} (p)\) and \(X^+_{\text{non-split}} (p)\) and uses this to obtain an identity of the traces of such Hecke operators.
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- Brauer relations, isogenies and parities of ranks
- Maximal curves over finite fields and a modular isogeny
- Pairs of elliptic curves with maximal Galois representations
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