An explicit correspondence of modular curves

DOI10.1016/J.JNT.2018.12.003MaRDI QIDQ669225zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Imin Chen, Parinaz Salari Sharif

Publication date 20 March 2019

Published in Journal of Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.04020

zbMATH Keywords

elliptic curvesmodular curves

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Arithmetic aspects of modular and Shimura varieties (11G18) Modular and Shimura varieties (14G35)

Abstract: In this paper, we recall an alternative proof of Merel's conjecture which asserts that a certain explicit correspondence gives the isogeny relation between the Jacobians associated to the normalizer of split and non-split Cartan subgroups. This alternative proof does not require extensive representation theory and can be formulated in terms of certain finite geometries modulo $ell$. Secondly, we generalize these arguments to exhibit an explicit correspondence which gives the isogeny relation between the Jacobians associated to split and non-split Cartan subgroups. An interesting feature is that the required explicit correspondence is considerably more complicated but can expressed as a certain linear combination of double coset operators whose coefficients we are able to make explicit.

Review text

Let \(\ell\) be a prime number and \(X=X(\ell)\) the modular curve with full level structure \(\ell\). For a subgroup \(H\subset G=\operatorname{GL}_2(\mathbb{F}_\ell)\) containing -1, let us denote by \(X_H\) the corresponding modular curve \(X/H\) given by the action of \(G\) on \(X(\ell)\), and by \(J_H\) its Jacobian variety. For \(C_{ns}\) a non-split Cartan subgroup of \(G\), and its normalizer \(N_{ns}\) the first author proved in [J. Algebra 231, No. 1, 414--448 (2000; Zbl 0990.14012)] that \(J_{C_{ns}}\) and \(J_{N_{ns}}\) are \(\mathbb{Q}\)-isogenous to certain quotients of the modular curve \(X_0(\ell^2)\). Merel conjectured that the isogenies between these varieties can be described by the correspondence induced by the quotient maps from \(X(\ell)\). This was proved in [the first author, Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 77, No. 1, 1--38 (1998; Zbl 0903.11019)] using the representation theory of \(G\) and identities in finite double coset algebras. This paper presents an alternative proof of Merel's conjecture, based on arguments by Birch and Zagier. The authors consider a finite field analogue of the complex upper half-plane and the natural action of \(G\) on it by Möbius transformations. This provides a practical description of the quotient of \(G\) by the normalizer of a Cartan subgroup of \(G\) (either split or non-split), where the conjecture is established in quite an elementary way. The proof is extended naturally to quotients of \(G\) by the Cartan groups themselves.

Recommendations

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Cites work

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Cited in

(7)

• Characterization of modular correspondences by geometric properties
• On a result of Imin Chen
• On relations between Jacobians of certain modular curves
• Double covers of Cartan modular curves
• Generalizing the Birch-Stephens theorem. I: Modular curves
• An exceptional isomorphism between level 13 modular curves via Torelli's theorem
• Relations between Jacobians of modular curves of level \(p^2\)

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