Delocalization and diffusion profile for random band matrices

Delocalization properties of random band matrices \(H=(h_{xy})_{x,y \in \Gamma}\) in \(d \geq 1\) dimensions are analyzed. These random band matrices represent quantum systems on a large finite graph \(\Gamma\) with random quantum transition amplitudes effective up to distances of order band width \(W\) of the matrix \(H\). The matrix entries \(h_{x,y}\) are independent and centered random variables with variances \(s_{x,y} = {\mathbb E}|h_{xy}|^2\). It is shown that in the case of one dimension the eigenvectors of the matrix \(H\) are delocalized for \(W \gg L^{4/5}\), where \(L\) is the diameter of the quantum system. It is also shown that the magnitude of the matrix entries \(|G_{x,y}|^2\) of the resolvent \(G= G(z) = (H - z)^{-1}\) is self-averaging and \({\mathbb E}|G_{xy}|^2\) behaves as the resolvent of a diffusion operator associated with a superposition of random walks with step size of order \(W\). When \(W \gg L^{4/5}\) and \(L \rightarrow \infty\), the diffusion constant of the diffusion operator associated with the behavior of \({\mathbb E}|G_{xy}|^2\) is computed. Cases with higher dimensions \(d\) are behaving in a similar way.

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