Difference algebra
Babbitt's decomposition theoremCohn's existence theoremcompatibilitydifference algebradifference and inverse difference modulesdifference fielddifference Galois theorydifference kerneldifference transcendence basisdifference transcendence degreeGröbner basisHilbert and Hilbert-Samuel theoremsmonadicityPicard-Vessiot theoryreplicability
Difference algebra was born in the 1930s as a sibling of differential algebra. Both algebras grew out of the study of algebraic differential and difference equations with coefficients from functional fields in much the same way as the classical algebraic geometry arose from the study of polynomial equations with numerical coefficients. The rate of development of difference algebra after Ritt's pioneering works and works by F. Herzog, H. Raudenbuch and W. Strodt in the 1930s was much slower than that of its differential counterpart. The situation began to change in the 1950s due to R. Cohn, who not only raised the difference algebra to the level of its sibling, but also clarified why many fruitful ideas in differential algebra can not be successfully applied to difference algebra. Nowadays, difference algebra is a rich theory with its own methods very useful in the study of systems of equations in finite difference, functional equations, differential equations with delay, algebraic structures with operators, group and semigroup rings, etc. \textit{R. M. Cohn}'s work [Difference algebra. New York etc.: Interscience Publishers (1965; Zbl 0127.26402)] has hitherto remained the only fundamental monograph on difference algebra. Since it was published in the middle of the 1960s, it did not deal with partial difference algebra at all. Nowadays, it is due to efforts of I. Baraba, I. Bentsen, R. Cohn, P. Evanovich, A. Levin, A. Mikhalev, E. Pankrat'ev and some other mathematicians that partial difference algebra possesses a body of results considerably comparable to the main stream of ordinary difference algebra. This book gives a systematic study of both ordinary and partial difference algebraic structures and their applications. The book is almost self-contained, assuming familiarity only with basic ring-theoretic and group-theoretic concepts and elementary properties of rings, modules and fields. All more or less advanced results in ring theory, commutative algebra and combinatorics as well as the basic notation and conventions can be found in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 introduces the main objects of Difference Algebra and discusses their basic properties. Chapter 3 is concerned with properties of difference and inverse difference modules and their applications in the theory of linear difference equations. Difference versions of Hilbert and Hilbert-Samuel theorems on characteristic polynomials of graded and filtered modules. A generalization of the classical Gröbner basis techniques that allows one to compute multivariable difference dimension polynomials of difference and inverse difference modules is also presented. The theory of difference fields is discussed in Chapter 4, in which difference transcendence bases, the difference transcendence degree of a difference field extension, dimension polynomials associated with finitely generated difference and inverse difference field extensions and limit degree of a difference field extension are the main concepts and objects under investigation. Chapter 5 deals with the problems of compatibility, replicability and monadicity of difference field extensions as well as properties of difference specializations. The main results of this chapter are the fundamental compatibility and replicability theorems, the stepwise comparability condition for partial difference fields, Babbitt's decomposition theorem and its applications to the study of finitely generated pathological difference field extensions. Chapter 6 is devoted to the study of properties of difference kernels and their prolongations. One of the central results in Chapter 7 is R. Cohn's existence theorem claiming that every nontrivial ordinary algebraically irreducible difference polynomial has an abstract solution. Chapter 8 gives a review of difference Galois theory. The Galois correspondence for difference field extensions and related problems of compatibility and monadicity is considered in Section 1. The other two sections are devoted to the review of the classical Picard-Vessiot theory of linear homogeneous difference equations and some results on Picard-Vessiot rings. The Galois theory of difference equation based on Picard-Vessiot rings is relegated completely to \textit{M. van der Put} and \textit{M. Singer}'s monograph [Galois theory of difference equations. Lecture Notes in Mathematics. 1666. Berlin: Springer (1997; Zbl 0930.12006)]. The book will become a good reference for researchers in the area of difference algebra and algebraic structures with operators.
- Differential and difference algebra
- Difference modules and difference cohomology
- Strongly étale difference algebras and Babbitt's decomposition
- Differential transcendence of solutions of difference Riccati equations and Tietze's treatment
- Relative reduction and Buchberger's algorithm in filtered free modules
- Summation theory. II: Characterizations of \(R {\Pi}{\Sigma}^{\ast}\)-extensions and algorithmic aspects
- Binomial difference ideals
- Solutions of linear recurrence equations
- Algebraic construction and numerical behavior of a new s-consistent difference scheme for the 2D Navier-Stokes equations
- Existence of \(\partial\)-parameterized Picard-Vessiot extensions over fields with algebraically closed constants
- On the generalized Carlitz module
- Algebraic groups as difference Galois groups of linear differential equations
- Skolem-Mahler-Lech type theorems and Picard-Vessiot theory
- Galois theories of \(q\)-difference equations: comparison theorems
- Construction of free differential algebras by extending Gröbner-Shirshov bases
- Generalized differentials and prolongation spaces
- Deformations, cohomologies and integrations of relative difference Lie algebras
- A new type of difference dimension polynomials
- A strongly-consistent difference scheme for 3D nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations
- Difference Galois theory and dynamics
- Coherent categorical structures for Lie bialgebras, Manin triples, classical \(r\)-matrices and pre-Lie algebras
- Differential transcendence of solutions of the difference equation y=ay^2 +by+c
- Bivariate Kolchin-type dimension polynomials of non-reflexive prime difference-differential ideals. The case of one translation
- On the dimension of systems of algebraic difference equations
- Almost-simple affine difference algebraic groups
- On the consistency analysis of finite difference approximations
- Toric P-difference varieties
- Algebraic construction of a strongly consistent, permutationally symmetric and conservative difference scheme for 3D steady Stokes flow
- Bivariate dimension quasi-polynomials of difference-differential field extensions with weighted basic operators
- A primitive element theorem for fields with commuting derivations and automorphisms
- Difference dimension quasi-polynomials
- Butcher algebras for Butcher systems
- Toric difference variety
- Uniform bounds on symbolic powers
- Difference Galois theory of linear differential equations
- Symmetries of explicit Runge-Kutta methods
- Difference Galois theory for the ``applied mathematician
- DIFFERENCE ALGEBRAIC RELATIONS AMONG SOLUTIONS OF LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
- Difference algebra
- SOLVING DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS IN SEQUENCES: UNIVERSALITY AND UNDECIDABILITY
- Involution and Difference Schemes for the Navier–Stokes Equations
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4025547 (Why is no real title available?)
- Algebraic independence of solutions of first-order rational difference equations
- Parameterized Picard-Vessiot extensions and Atiyah extensions
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2029319 (Why is no real title available?)
- An Alternative Example of the Method of Multiple Scales
- Finite basis for radical well-mixed difference ideals generated by binomials
- Twisted calculus
- A note on the fundamental theorem of algebra
- Irreducibility of discrete Painlevé equation of type \(D_7^{(1)}\)
- Noetherian quotients of the algebra of partial difference polynomials and Gröbner bases of symmetric ideals
- A difference ring theory for symbolic summation
- Hilbert-type dimension polynomials of intermediate difference-differential field extensions
- Expansive dynamics on profinite groups
- Torsors for difference algebraic groups
- On differential approximations of difference schemes
- Universal enveloping of (modified) \(\lambda\)-differential Lie algebras
- Intrinsic approach to Galois theory of q-difference equations
- Elimination of unknowns for systems of algebraic differential-difference equations
- Simplifying multiple sums in difference fields
- On a variant of Schanuel conjecture for the Carlitz exponential
- -differential operators and -differential modules for the Virasoro algebra
- Multiscale Methods
- Gröbner bases and gradings for partial difference ideals
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7650582 (Why is no real title available?)
- Algorithms yield upper bounds in differential algebra
- Difference sheaves and torsors
- An AEC framework for fields with commuting automorphisms
- Irreducibility testing of finite nilpotent linear groups.
- Cohomologies of difference Lie groups and the van Est theorem
- Generalized characteristic sets and new multivariate difference dimension polynomials
- The Weil descent functor in the category of algebras with free operators
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7700663 (Why is no real title available?)
- Transcendence of solutions of \(q\)-Painlevé equation of type \({A^{(1)}_{6}}\)
- Étale difference algebraic groups
- On some notions of algebraically closed \(\sigma\)-fields
- New multivariate dimension polynomials of inversive difference field extensions
- Cohomologies, non-abelian extensions and Wells exact sequences of \(\lambda\)-differential pre-Lie algebras
- On rational recursion for holonomic sequences
- Generalized Gröbner bases and new properties of multivariate difference dimension polynomials
- Difference-differential fields of continuous functions
- Differential operators and crossed homomorphisms of Lie 2-algebras
- A basis theorem for rings with commuting operators in characteristic zero
- New dimension polynomials of inversive difference field extensions and inversive difference modules
- The theory \(\operatorname{DCF}_p\mathrm{A}\) a exists for \(p > 0\)
- Crossed homomorphisms and Cartier-Kostant-Milnor-Moore theorem for difference Hopf algebras
- A Chevalley theorem for difference equations
- Representations and cohomologies of differential 3-Lie algebras with any weight and applications
- A new type of dimension polynomials of inversive difference field extensions
- Parallel summation in P-recursive extensions
- Dimension polynomials for affine partial difference algebraic groups
- Dimension polynomials and the Einstein's strength of some systems of quasi-linear algebraic difference equations
- Multivariate difference-differential dimension polynomials
- Effective difference elimination and nullstellensatz
- Stream/block ciphers, difference equations and algebraic attacks
- Dimension polynomials of difference local algebras
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