Generalized interactions supported on hypersurfaces

Perturbation theory of linear operators (47A55) Linear operator inequalities (47A63) Eigenvalue problems for linear operators (47A75) General theory of partial differential operators (47F05) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10)

Abstract: We analyze a family of singular Schr"odinger operators with local singular interactions supported by a hypersurface

S i g m a s u b s e t m a t h b b R^{n}, n g e 2

, being the boundary of a Lipschitz domain, bounded or unbounded, not necessarily connected. At each point of

S i g m a

the interaction is characterized by four real parameters, the earlier studied case of

d e l t a

- and

d e l t a^{'}

-interactions being particular cases. We discuss spectral properties of these operators and derive operator inequalities between those referring to the same hypersurface but different couplings and describe their implications for spectral properties.

Review text

Let \(\Sigma\subset\mathbb R^n\), \(n\geq 2\), be the boundary of a (bounded or unbounded, not necessarily connected) Lipschitz domain \(\Omega=\Omega_{\mathrm i}\) and let \(\Omega_{\mathrm e} =\mathbb R^n\setminus (\Omega_{\mathrm i}\cup\Sigma)\). The authors consider a family of singular Schrödinger operators \(H\) with local singular interactions supported by \(\Sigma\). These operators are negative Laplacian on \(\mathbb R^n\backslash\Sigma\) subject to the interface conditions NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\partial_{\nu_{\mathrm i}} f_{\mathrm i}|_\Sigma+\partial_{\nu_{\mathrm e}}f_{\mathrm e}|_\Sigma=\frac{\alpha}{2}( f_{\mathrm i}|_\Sigma+f_{\mathrm e}|_\Sigma)+\frac{\gamma}{2}(\partial_{\nu_{\mathrm i}} f_{\mathrm i}|_\Sigma-\partial_{\nu_{\mathrm e}} f_{\mathrm e}|_\Sigma), NEWLINE\]NEWLINE NEWLINE\[NEWLINE f_{\mathrm i}|_\Sigma-f_{\mathrm e}|_\Sigma =-\frac{\overline{\gamma}}{2}( f_{\mathrm i}|_\Sigma +f_{\mathrm e}|_\Sigma)+\frac{\beta}{2}(\partial_{\nu_{\mathrm i}} f_{\mathrm i}|_\Sigma - \partial_{\nu_{\mathrm e}} f_{\mathrm e} |_\Sigma)NEWLINE\]NEWLINE on \(\Sigma\), where \(f_j = f |_{\Omega_j}\), \(j =\mathrm{i, e}\), \(f=f_{\mathrm i}\oplus f_{\mathrm e}\), \(\partial_{\nu_j} f |_\Sigma\) is the derivative of \(f\) with respect to the outer unit normal on \(\partial \Omega_j\), \(\alpha,\beta : \Sigma \to\mathbb R\), and \(\gamma : \Sigma \to\mathbb C\).NEWLINENEWLINEThe earlier studied case of \(\delta\)- and \(\delta'\)-interactions being particular cases.NEWLINENEWLINEThe authors investigate spectral properties of these operators and derive operator inequalities between those referring to the same hypersurface but different couplings \((\alpha,\beta,\gamma)\) and describe their implications for spectral properties (compactness of resolvent difference, finiteness of the discrete spectrum, position of the essential spectrum, the number of discrete eigenvalues below the bottom of the essential spectrum).

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