Sobolev spaces adapted to the Schrödinger operator with inverse-square potential (Q1745330)

The authors study the \(L^p({\mathbb R}^d)\)-theory for the Schrödinger operator with inverse-square potential \(\mathcal{L}_a= -\Delta + \frac{a}{|x|^2} \quad\text{with}\quad a\geq -\big(\frac{d-2}{2}\big)^2\). The goal is to compare the standard Sobolev spaces with Sobolev spaces adapted to the operator \(\mathcal{L}_a\). The main result is the following. Suppose \(d\geq 3\), \(1 < p <\infty\), \(a\geq -\left(\frac{d-2}{2}\right)^2\), \(\sigma=\frac{d-2}{2}- \frac{1}{2}\sqrt{(d-2)^2+4a}\), and \(0 < s < 2\). If \(\frac{s+\sigma}d<\frac{1}{p}<\min\{1, \frac{d-\sigma}d\}\), then \[ \big\|(-\Delta)^\frac{s}2f\big\|_{L^p}\leq C_{d,p,s}\big\|{\mathcal L}_a^\frac{s}{2} f\big\|_{L^p} \quad\text{for all}\quad f\in C_c^\infty({\mathbb R}^d). \] If \(\max\{\frac{s}{d}, \frac{\sigma}{d}\}<\frac{1}{p}<\min\{1, \frac{d-\sigma}{d}\}\), then \[ \big\|{\mathcal L}_a^\frac{s}{2}f\big\|_{L^p}\leq C_{d,p,s}\big\|(-\Delta)^\frac{s}{2}f\big\|_{L^p} \quad\text{for all}\quad f\in C_c^\infty({\mathbb R}^d). \] The paper is self-contained, it contains review (with proofs) of multiplier theorems, Littlewood--Paley theory, and Hardy-type inequalities associated to the operator \({\mathcal L}_a\).