Equivariant Callias index theory via coarse geometry (Q2152450)

The goal of the paper is to generalize the equivariant coarse index theory á la John Roe from discrete groups to locally compact groups (but still for proper actions). The situation of the paper is as follows: \(M\) is a complete Riemannian manifold equipped with an isometric and proper action of a locally compact group \(G\). Further, \(D\) is a \(G\)-equivariant, elliptic differential operator over \(M\). Finally, there is a \(G\)-invariant subset \(Z \subset M\) such that \(D^2\) has a uniformly positive lower bound outside of \(Z\). The main construction of the paper then provides the equivariant, localized coarse index class \(\mathrm{index}_G^Z(D) \in K_*(C^*(Z)^G)\), where \(C^*(Z)^G\) is the equivariant Roe algebra of \(Z\). A main result of the paper is then that the (constructed in an earlier paper) equivariant index of a \(G\)-Callias-type operator is a special case of this, and that this construction also recovers the analytic assembly map in the case that \(M/G\) is compact. Applications to positive scalar curvature metrics and to the Baum--Connes conjecture are also discussed.