The Hessian polynomial and the Jacobian ideal of a reduced hypersurface in \(\mathbb{P}^n\) (Q2237408)

The authors investigate one of the fundamental algebro-geometric invariants associated to \(M(f)\)-the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity, where \(M(f)\) is the Milnor graded ring \(\displaystyle {S}/{J_{f}}\), with \(S= \oplus_{k} S_k=\mathbb{C}[x_0, \ldots, x_n]\) being the graded polynomial ring, \(S_k\) denotes the vector space of degree \(k\) homogeneous polynomials and, for a homogeneous polynomial \(f \in S_d\), the \(J_f\) means the Jacobian ideal generated by the partial derivatives of \(f\). According to the authors, the importance of this regularity is given by the fact that it measures the complexity of a finitely generated graded \(S\)-module \(M(f)\). In particular, \(M(f)\) contains very relevant geometric information since it encodes the singular subscheme \(\Sigma=\Sigma (f)\) of the projetive hypersurface \(V(f) \subseteq \mathbb{P}^n\), especially when \(V(f)\) is an arrangement of hypersurfaces, when \(n \geq 3\). Furthermore, in this work, the authors determine some pertinent upper bounds on the regularity \(M(f)\), where \(V(f)\) is a reduced singular hypersurface in \( \mathbb{P}^n\) of degree \(d\), above all, they present a theorem giving an explicit minimal first syzygy of \(M(f_{(k,d-k)})\) and provide illuminating examples. For these purposes, approaches were made on Hessian polynomial, generic arrangements of surfaces with isolated singularities in \(\mathbb{P}^3\) and regularity of \(M(f)\) for hypersurfaces in \( \mathbb{P}^n\) singular in codimension one.