Orthogonal polynomials and quadrature rules on the unit circle associated with perturbations of symmetric measures (Q2309272)

The framework of this contribution is the theory of orthogonal polynomials with respect to probability measures supported on the unit circle (OPUC, in short) when a perturbation of the measure is considered. In particular, the analysis of the so called Uvarov transform (the addition to the measure of a mass point on the unit circle) constitutes the aim of the paper under review. The approach presented in the paper is based on the existence of a relation between a pair of real sequences \((\{c_{n}\}_{n\geq 1} , \{d_{n}\}_{n\geq 1})\), where the second one is a positive chain sequence, and a probability measure \(d\mu(z)\) supported on the unit circle. In [\textit{M. S. Costa} et al., J. Approx. Theory 173, 14--32 (2013; Zbl 1282.33017)], the explicit expression of the Verblunsky coefficients in terms of \(c_{n}\) and the minimal parameter sequence associated with \(d_{n}\) is given. By using a sequence of polynomials \(\{R_{n}(z)\}_{n\geq0}\) satisfying a three term recurrence relation the expression of the OPUC associated with \(d\mu\) is deduced. Furthermore \(\{(z-1) R_{n}(z)\}_{n\geq0}\) is a sequence of para-orthogonal polynomials associated with the measure \(d\mu.\) On the other hand, according to \textit{C. F. Bracciali} et al. [Math. Comput. 85, No. 300, 1837--1859 (2016; Zbl 1336.42017)] and \textit{D. K. Dimitrov} and \textit{A. S. Ranga} [Math. Nachr. 286, No. 17--18, 1778--1791 (2013; Zbl 1290.33008)], a sequence of functions \(\{W_{n}(z)\}_{n\geq0}\) defined by \(W_{n}(z) = 2^{-n} e^{- i n\theta/2)}R_{n} (e^{i\theta}), \) where \(x= \cos (\theta/2),\) is introduced as well as a positive measure \(\psi\) supported on \( [-1,1]\) and related to \(\mu\) that yields some kind of biorthogonality relation between the even and odd degree terms of \(\{W_{n}(z)\}_{n\geq0}.\) Notice that this sequence satisfies a three term recurrence relation. With this background, the author focus the attention on the Uvarov perturbation \(d\mu(\delta, z), 0<\delta<1, \) of a probability measure \(d\mu\) supported on the unit circle by adding at \(z=1\) a mass \(\varepsilon.\) The corresponding pair of sequences a \((\{c_{n}(\delta)\}_{n\geq 1} , \{d_{n}(\delta)\}_{n\geq 1})\) are obtained. In a next step, the set \(Q(c)\) of measures \(d\mu\) such that \(c_{n}= (-1)^{n} c,\) \(c\) a real number, is introduced. Every measure in \(Q(c)\) can be given as the perturbation of certain associated symmetric measure on \([-1,1].\) In particular, a quasi-symmetric relation for the measure \(d\mu(\delta ,z)\) is deduced. Furthermore, the expression of the OPUC associated with such a measure in terms of the polynomials \(\{R_{n}(z)\}_{n\geq0}\) is given. The weights and zeros of the quadrature rules for measures on \(Q(c)\) are obtained. Finally, two illustrative examples related to Gegenbauer and Pastro polynomials, respectively, are studied.