Value distribution of twists of \(L\)-functions of elliptic curves (Q2399705)

The paper is devoted to the universality of \(L\)-functions associated with elliptic curves. Let \(E\) be an elliptic curve over the field of rational numbers defined by the Weierstrass equation \[ y^2=x^3+ax+b,\qquad a,b\in \mathbb{Z}, \] with nonzero discriminant \(\Delta=-16(4a^3+27b^2)\). Given a prime \(p\), denote by \(E_p\) the reduction modulo \(p\) of \(E\), which is a curve over the finite field \(\mathbb{F}_p\), and define an integer \(\lambda(p)\) by \[ |E(\mathbb{F}_p)|=p+1-\lambda(p), \] where \(|E(\mathbb{F}_p)|\) is the number of points in the curve \(E_p\). The \(L\)-function \(L_E (s)\) of \(E\) for \(\sigma>\tfrac{3}{2}\) is defined by the Euler product as \[L_E(s)= \prod_{p\mid \Delta} \left(1-\frac{\lambda(p)}{p^s}\right)^{-1} \prod_{p\nmid \Delta} \left(1-\frac{\lambda(p)}{p^s}+\frac{1}{p^{2s-1}}\right)^{-1}. \] It can be continued analytically to an entire function. The twist \(L_E(s,\chi)\) of \(L_E(s)\) with a Dirichlet character \(\chi\) is defined by \[ L_E(s,\chi)= \prod_{p\mid \Delta} \left(1-\frac{\lambda(p)\chi(p)}{p^s}\right)^{-1} \prod_{p\nmid \Delta} \left(1-\frac{\lambda(p)\chi(p)}{p^s}+\frac{\chi^2(p)}{p^{2s-1}}\right)^{-1}. \] For \(Q\geq 2\), let \[A_Q=\{\chi(\operatorname{mod}q):q\leq Q,\;\; \chi\neq \chi_0\}\] and \(M_Q\) be a number of elements of \(A_Q\). Let \(K\) be a compact subset of the strip \(1<\sigma<3/2\). Let \(f(s)\) be a continuous function non-vanishing in \(K\) and analytic inside \(K\). The main result of the paper is the universality theorem for \(L_E(s,\chi)\) in the character aspect. Namely, for any \(\varepsilon>0\), \[ \liminf_{Q\to\infty} \frac{1}{M_Q} \#\left\{\chi\in A_Q:\sup_{s\in K}|L_E(s,\chi)-f(s)|<\varepsilon\right\}>0. \] Further, this result is generalized to certain composite functions. This gives information about the zeros of the composite functions involving \(L_E(s,\chi)\). Concerning the universality of \(L_E (s)\) see [\textit{V. Garbaliauskienė} and \textit{A. Laurinčikas}, Fiz. Mat. Fak. Moksl. Semin. Darb. 8, 14--25 (1986; Zbl 1126.11048)].