On the normalizers of \(\mathcal F\)-residuals of all subgroups of a finite group. (Q2438369)

Recall that a formation is a class of groups closed under epimorphic images and subdirect products; it is said to be saturated if it is closed under Frattini extensions. The symbol \(\mathfrak F\) will denote a non-empty formation and we will consider only finite groups. The \(\mathfrak F\)-residual \(G^{\mathfrak F}\) of a group \(G\) is the smallest normal subgroup \(N\) such that \(G/N\) is in \(\mathfrak F\). The formation \(\mathfrak{NF}\) is composed of all groups whose \(\mathfrak F\)-residual is nilpotent. The subgroup \(\text N_{\mathfrak F}(G)\) is defined to be the intersection of the normalisers of the \(\mathfrak F\)-residuals of all subgroups of \(G\). This is a generalisation of the norm, the intersection of the normalisers of all subgroups of a group. By iterating this construction over the corresponding quotient groups, we obtain an ascending series whose terminal member is called \(\text N_{\mathfrak F}^\infty(G)\). The study of this subgroup is the aim of this paper, by paying special attention to formations \(\mathfrak F\) for which \(G=\text N_{\mathfrak F}^\infty(G)\) would imply that \(G\in\mathfrak{NF}\). Theorem A states that \(\text Z_{\mathfrak{NF}}(G)\leq\text N_{\mathfrak F}^\infty(G)\) for each group \(G\) if and only if \(\mathfrak F\) is subgroup-closed. Given a class of groups \(\mathfrak X\), a group not belonging to \(\mathfrak X\) in which all proper subgroups belong to \(\mathfrak X\) is called an \(\mathfrak X\)-critical group. We say that a formation \(\mathfrak F\) satisfies the property \(\mathfrak Y\) if all \(\mathfrak F\)-critical groups are in \(\mathfrak{NF}\). This property is equivalent to say that \(\text N_{\mathfrak F}^\infty(G)\leq\text Z_{\mathfrak{NF}\Phi}(G)\) for each group \(G\), and to \(G\in\mathfrak{NF}\) whenever \(G=\text N_{\mathfrak F}^\infty(G)\) (Theorem~B), where \(\text Z_{\mathfrak{NF}\Phi}(G)\) is the product of all normal subgroups of \(G\) whose non-Frattini \(G\)-chief factors are \(\mathfrak{NF}\)-central in \(G\). For a class of groups \(\mathfrak X\), the intersection of all \(\mathfrak X\)-maximal subgroups of \(G\) is denoted by \(\text{Int}_{\mathfrak X}(G)\). If \(\mathfrak X\) is a saturated formation, \(\mathfrak X(p)\) denotes the smallest formation containing the quotients \(G/\text O_{p',p}(G)\) for groups \(G\in\mathfrak X\) and \(X(p)=\mathfrak S_p\mathfrak X(p)\) denotes the class of all groups whose \(\mathfrak X(p)\)-residual is a \(p\)-group. Then \(\mathfrak X\) is said to satisfy the boundary condition if for any \(p\in\pi(\mathfrak X)\), \(G\in\mathfrak X\) whenever \(G\) is an \(X(p)\)-critical group. Hence if \(G\) satisfies the property \(\mathfrak Y\), then \(\text N_{\mathfrak F}^\infty(G)\leq\text{Int}_{\mathfrak{NF}}(G)\) for each group \(G\), and \(\text N_{\mathfrak F}^\infty(G)\leq\text{Int}_{\mathfrak{NF}}(G)\) for each group \(G\) if and only if \(\mathfrak F\) is subgroup-closed and \(\mathfrak{NF}\) satisfies the boundary condition (Theorem~C). Theorem~D states that if \(G\) is a \(p\)-soluble group and all cyclic subgroups of \(G\) of order \(p\) and \(4\) (if \(p=2\)) are contained in \(\text N_{\mathfrak F}^\infty(G)\), then \(G^{\mathfrak F}\) is \(p\)-nilpotent. Finally, Theorem~E states that for each soluble group, we have that \(\text N^\infty_{\mathfrak F}(G)\leq\text Z_{\mathfrak{NF}}(G)\), \(G\in\mathfrak{NF}\) if \(G=\text N_{\mathfrak F}(G)\) and \(\text N_{\mathfrak F}^\infty(G)\leq\text{Int}_{\mathfrak F}(G)\).