Delta invariants of singular del Pezzo surfaces (Q2659502)

In this interesting paper, the authors study singular del Pezzo surfaces which admit an orbifold Kähler-Einstein metric. Let \(S_{d}\) be a quasi-smooth and well-formed hypersurface in \(\mathbb{P}(a_{0},a_{1},a_{2},a_{3})\) of degree \(d\), where \(a_{0} \leq a_{1} \leq a_{2} \leq a_{3}\). Then \(S_{d}\) is given by a quasihomogeneous polynomial equation \(f(x,y,z,t)\) of degree \(d\). Put \(I = a_{0}+a_{1}+a_{2}+a_{3}-d\) and suppose that \(I\) is positive. Then \(S_{d}\) is a del Pezzo surface with at most quotient singularities. Let now \(X\) be a normal complex projective variety with mild singularities and such that the anticanonical divisor \(-K_{X}\) is ample. We need to introduce the notion of anticanonical divisors of \(k\)-basis type, that is a linear combination \[D:= \frac{D_{1} + \dots + D_{h^{0}(X,-kK_{x})}}{k\cdot h^{0}(X,-kK_{X})},\] where \(D_{1}, D_{2}, \dots, D_{h^{0}(X,-kK_{X})}\) is a basis of the vector space \(H^{0}(X,-kK_{X})\). The \(k\)-th \(\delta\)-invariant \(\delta_{k}(X)\) is the infimum of the log-canonical thresholds \(\mathrm{lct}(X,D)\), where we consider all the anticanonical divisors of \(k\)-basis type. Now the \(\delta\)-invariant is defined as \[\delta(X) : = \lim\sup_{k\rightarrow \infty} \delta_{k}(X).\] The first main result of the paper is the following. Theorem A. Let \(S_{d}\) be a quasi-smooth hypersurface in \(\mathbb{P}(1,3,5,7)\) of degree \(15\) such that its defining equation does not contain \(yzt\). Then \(\delta(S_{d}) \geq \frac{6}{5}\). In particular, the surface \(S_{d}\) admits an orbifold Kähler-Einstein metric. Corollary. If \(I=1\), then \(S_{d}\) admits an orbifold Kähler-Einstein metric. The second main result of the paper is focused on the case when \(I\geq 2\). Using the \(\delta\)-invariant the authors are able to show that in the six previously unknown cases of hypersurfaces \(S_{d}\) there exist orbifold Kähler-Einstein metrics. More precisely, we have the following. Theorem B. Let \(S_{d}\) be a hypersurface of degree \(d\) in \(\mathbb{P}(a_{0},a_{1},a_{2},a_{3})\) such that either i) \((a_{0},a_{1},a_{2},a_{3},d) = (2,3,4,5,12)\) and the equation of \(S_{d}\) does not contain \(yzt\), ii) \((a_{0},a_{1},a_{2},a_{3},d) = (7,10,15,19,45)\), iii) \((a_{0},a_{1},a_{2},a_{3},d) = (7,18,27,37,81)\), iv) \((a_{0},a_{1},a_{2},a_{3},d) = (7,15,19,32,64)\), v) \((a_{0},a_{1},a_{2},a_{3},d) = (7,19,25,41,82)\), or vi) \((a_{0},a_{1},a_{2},a_{3},d) = (7,26,39,55,117)\). Then \(\delta(S_{d}) \geq \frac{65}{64}\) and \(S_{d}\) admits an orbifold Kähler-Einstein metric.