Stability conditions and extremal contractions (Q382300)

The present article exhibits contractions of \(-1\)-curves on smooth algebraic surfaces over \(\mathbb{C}\) as moduli spaces of sheaves given by varying stability conditions in a one parameter family. In particular, this yields a moduli description for each step of the Minimal Model Program for smooth surfaces of Kodaira dimension at least \(0\). Furthermore, parts of a corresponding statement is shown for birational extremal contractions from smooth threefolds assuming the existence of certain conjectured stability conditions. In fact, there is a conjecture (Conjecture 5.9) in the paper which together with an earlier conjecture by the author et al. (Conjecture 3.2.6 of [J. Algebr. Geom. 23, No. 1, 117--163 (2014; Zbl 1306.14005)]) would imply for threefolds a statement completely analogue to the surface statement. The proofs are constructive. I.e., the central charges are written explicitly with formulae, and the hearts are constructed with tiltings and transporting standard hearts (such as the coherent sheaves) via explicit derived equivalences. In particular, the threefold part of the article uses the explicit description of extremal contractions of smooth threefolds by \textit{S. Mori} [Ann. Math. (2) 116, 133--176 (1982; Zbl 0557.14021)].