The Galois theory of matrix \(C\)-rings. (Q863170)

The first author has revived the theory of corings [in Algebr. Represent. Theory 5, No. 4, 389-410 (2002; Zbl 1025.16017)]. One of the main aims was the development of a Galois theory for corings, providing a new and elegant approach to Hopf-Galois theory. In the final section of his paper, the first author mentioned that a dual theory can be developed: the category of bicomodules over a coalgebra \(C\) over a field is a monoidal category. A \(C\)-ring \(\mathcal A\) is a monoid in this category. \(C\)-rings can be constructed from so-called matrix ring contexts. Matrix ring contexts are closely related to Morita-Takeuchi contexts: if one of the maps in the contexts is bijective, then one can construct a context of the other type by replacing this map by its inverse. If two coalgebras \(C\) and \(D\) are connected by a matrix ring context, then there is a \(C\)-ring structure on the cotensor product of \(C\) and \(D\). Modules over \(C\)-rings are introduced in the natural way. Then it is possible to introduce the notion of \(\mathcal A\)-coendomorphism coalgebra of a right module, quasi-finite and injective as a \(C\)-comodule. Now take a right \(\mathcal A\)-module \(M\), and assume that \(M\) is a quasi-finite injector; then there is a matrix ring context connecting \(C\) and the \(\mathcal A\)-coendomorphism coalgebra of \(M\), and there is a natural \(C\)-ring morphism \(\beta\) from \(\mathcal A\) to the associated \(C\)-ring. If \(\beta\) is an isomorphism, then \(M\) is called a Galois module for \(\mathcal A\); if, moreover, \(M\) is an injective module of the \(\mathcal A\)-coendomorphism coalgebra of \(M\), then \(M\) is called a principal Galois module. Characterizations of (principal) Galois modules are given. \(C\)-rings can be constructed starting from (weak) entwining structures, and it is investigated when \(C\) is a Galois module for this \(C\)-ring. Finally, a generalized dual version of the Kreimer-Takeuchi Theorem is given.