Gromov-Witten invariants of the Hilbert schemes of points of a K3 surface

DOI10.2140/GT.2018.22.323MaRDI QIDQ1676772zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Georg Oberdieck

Publication date 10 November 2017

Published in Geometry \& Topology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.1139

zbMATH Keywords

\(K3\) surfacesGromov-Witten invariants

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

(K3) surfaces and Enriques surfaces (14J28) Gromov-Witten invariants, quantum cohomology, Gopakumar-Vafa invariants, Donaldson-Thomas invariants (algebro-geometric aspects) (14N35) Jacobi forms (11F50)

Abstract: We study the enumerative geometry of rational curves on the Hilbert schemes of points of a K3 surface. Let $S$ be a K3 surface and let $mathsf{Hilb}^d(S)$ be the Hilbert scheme of $d$ points of $S$. In case of elliptically fibered K3 surfaces $Somathbb{P}^1$, we calculate genus $0$ Gromov-Witten invariants of $mathsf{Hilb}^d(S)$, which count rational curves incident to two generic fibers of the induced Lagrangian fibration $mathsf{Hilb}^d(S)omathbb{P}^d$. The generating series of these invariants is the Fourier expansion of a power of the Jacobi theta function times a modular form, hence of a Jacobi form. We also prove results for genus $0$ Gromov-Witten invariants of $mathsf{Hilb}^d(S)$ for several other natural incidence conditions. In each case, the generating series is again a Jacobi form. For the proof we evaluate Gromov-Witten invariants of the Hilbert scheme of $2$ points of $mathbb{P}^{1}imesE$, where $E$ is an elliptic curve. Inspired by our results, we conjecture a formula for the quantum multiplication with divisor classes on $mathsf{Hilb}^d(S)$ with respect to primitive curve classes. The conjecture is presented in terms of natural operators acting on the Fock space of $S$. We prove the conjecture in the first non-trivial case $mathsf{Hilb}^2(S)$. As a corollary, we find that the full genus $0$ Gromov-Witten theory of $mathsf{Hilb}^2(S)$ in primitive classes is governed by Jacobi forms. We present two applications. A conjecture relating genus $1$ invariants of $mathsf{Hilb}^d(S)$ to the Igusa cusp form was proposed in joint work with R. Pandharipande in cite{K3xE}. Our results prove the conjecture in case $d=2$. Finally, we present a conjectural formula for the number of hyperelliptic curves on a K3 surface passing through $2$ general points.

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Cited in

(33)

• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1786344 (Why is no real title available?)
• A Lie algebra action on the Chow ring of the Hilbert scheme of points of a \(K3\) surface
• Two point extremal Gromov-Witten invariants of Hilbert schemes of points on surfaces
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• Elliptic genus of singular algebraic varieties and quotients
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