Electric-magnetic duality, monopole condensation, and confinement in $N=2$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory

DOI10.1016/0550-3213(94)90124-4zbMath0996.81510arXivhep-th/9407087OpenAlexW1540739244WikidataQ55880682 ScholiaQ55880682MaRDI QIDQ1967507

Nathan Seiberg, Edward Witten

Publication date: 6 March 2000

Published in: Nuclear Physics. B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9407087

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Supersymmetric field theories in quantum mechanics (81T60) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in quantum field theory (81T13) Elliptic curves (14H52) Miscellaneous applications of number theory (11Z05)

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Notes on wall crossing and instanton in compactified gauge theory with matter, Exact vortex solutions in a $\mathbb{CP}^{N}$ Skyrme-Faddeev type model, Direct integration and non-perturbative effects in matrix models, Localization of $ \mathcal{N} = 4 $ superconformal field theory on $S^{1} {\times} S^{3}$ and index, Split states, entropy enigmas, holes and halos, Hidden local symmetry and color confinement, More Arnold's $ \mathcal{N} = 2 $ superconformal gauge theories, Three looks at instantons in F-theory -- New insights from anomaly inflow, string junctions and heterotic duality, The exact 8d chiral ring from 4d recursion relations, Moduli space and wall-crossing formulae in higher-rank gauge theories, Some properties of (3 + 1) dimensional vortex solutions in the extended $\mathbb C\mathbb P^{N}$ Skyrme-Faddeev model, Wall-crossing, Rogers dilogarithm, and the QK/HK correspondence, String theory of the Omega deformation, THE POWER OF DUALITY — EXACT RESULTS IN 4D SUSY FIELD THEORY, Geometric transitions, Renormalization and BRST symmetry in Donaldson-Witten theory, The WDVV equations in pure Seiberg-Witten theory, Combinatorial expansions of conformal blocks, Period integrals, quantum numbers, and confinement in SUSY QCD, Equivariant volumes of non-compact quotients and instanton counting, BPS Hall algebra of scattering Hall states, Exterior powers of the adjoint representation and the Weyl ring of $E_8$, Quantum line defects and refined BPS spectra, Whitham hierarchy and generalized Picard-Fuchs operators in the $\mathcal{N}=2$ susy Yang-Mills theory for classical gauge groups, Higher order Seiberg-Witten functionals and their associated gradient flows, Exact and microscopic one-instanton calculations in $N=2$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories, Instanton-induced effective Lagrangian in the Seiberg-Witten model, Quantum curves and $q$-deformed Painlevé equations, BPS spectra, barcodes and walls, Exploring 5d BPS spectra with exponential networks, Massless D-branes on Calabi-Yau threefolds and monodromy, Second order reductions of the WDVV equations related to classical Lie algebras, $3 + 1 D$ massless Weyl spinors from bosonic scalar-tensor duality, Instanton counting on blowup. I: 4-dimensional pure gauge theory, F-theory, Seiberg-Witten curves and $\mathcal{N} = {2}$ dualities, BPS dyons and Hesse flow, Wild quiver gauge theories, The ABCDEFG of instantons and W-algebras, Bound state transformation walls, Omega-deformed Seiberg-Witten effective action from the M$_5$-brane, The electromagnetic duality formulation of geometric phases, EXACT LOW-ENERGY EFFECTIVE ACTIONS FOR HYPERMULTIPLETS IN FOUR DIMENSIONS, HODGE TYPE COHOMOLOGICAL GAUGE THEORIES, Duality in strongly interacting systems: 𝒩 = 2 SUSY Yang-Mills and the quantum Hall effect, Dimensional reduction of Seiberg-Witten monopole equations, N=2 noncommutative supersymmetric field theories and Young diagrams, SOFTLY BROKEN N=2 QCD WITH MASSIVE QUARK HYPERMULTIPLETS, II, PREPOTENTIAL OF N=2 SUPERSYMMETRIC YANG–MILLS THEORIES IN THE WEAK COUPLING REGION, PERIODS, COUPLING CONSTANTS AND MODULAR FUNCTIONS IN N=2 SU(2) SYM WITH MASSIVE MATTER, SOFTLY BROKEN N=2 QCD WITH MASSIVE QUARK HYPERMULTIPLETS, I, A NOTE ON THE PICARD–FUCHS EQUATIONS FOR N=2 SEIBERG–WITTEN THEORIES, WHAT DO TOPOLOGISTS WANT FROM SEIBERG–WITTEN THEORY?, PREPOTENTIALS, BILINEAR FORMS ON PERIODS AND ENHANCED GAUGE SYMMETRIES IN TYPE II STRINGS, INTEGRABLE HIERARCHIES AND CONTACT TERMS IN u-PLANE INTEGRALS OF TOPOLOGICALLY TWISTED SUPERSYMMETRIC GAUGE THEORIES, ADE SINGULARITY AND PREPOTENTIALS IN N=2 SUPERSYMMETRIC YANG–MILLS THEORY, ONE-LOOP EFFECTS IN VARIOUS DIMENSIONS AND D-BRANES, DERIVATION OF QUANTUM THEORIES: SYMMETRIES AND THE EXACT SOLUTION OF THE DERIVED SYSTEM, LATTICE FORMULATION OF SUPERSYMMETRIC YANG–MILLS THEORIES WITHOUT FINE TUNING, FIELD STRENGTH FORMULATION OF SU(2) YANG–MILLS THEORY IN THE MAXIMAL ABELIAN GAUGE: PERTURBATION THEORY, Perturbative analysis of gauged matrix models, A New Treatment for Some Periodic Schrödinger Operators I: The Eigenvalue, OBSERVATIONS ON A U(1) × U(1) VECTOR THEORY, SUPERSYMMETRIC YANG–MILLS THEORY ON THE LATTICE, SOLUTIONS OF VANISHING CURVATURE NON-ABELIAN MONOPOLE EQUATIONS, ϵ-CORRECTED SEIBERG–WITTEN PREPOTENTIAL OBTAINED FROM HALF-GENUS EXPANSION IN β-DEFORMED MATRIX MODEL, TOWARDS A PROOF OF AGT CONJECTURE BY METHODS OF MATRIX MODELS, Seiberg-Witten/Whitham Equations and Instanton Corrections in ${\mathscr{N}}=2$ Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory, Framed M-branes, corners, and topological invariants, Lessons from supersymmetry: "Instead-of-confinement" mechanism, Magnetic monopoles in noncommutative quantum mechanics 2, Duality of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">x</mml:mi></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mml:mi></mml:math>and a Statistical Interpretation of Space in Quantum Mechanics, ${\mathcal N}=1^*$ MODEL SUPERPOTENTIAL REVISITED (IR BEHAVIOR OF ${\mathcal N}=4$ LIMIT), Magnetic monopoles in field theory and cosmology, Do three dimensions tell us anything about a theory of everything?, ${{{\mathcal N}}=2}$ SUSY gauge theories on S⁴, Cluster-like coordinates in supersymmetric quantum field theory, DUALITY TRANSFORMATION FOR (3+1)-DIMENSIONAL YANG–MILLS THEORY, Holomorphic anomaly and quantum mechanics, Prepotentials of N=2 SU(2) Yang–Mills theories coupled with massive matter multiplets, Langevin approach for Abelian topological gauge theory, The whitham equations revisited, The Magnetic Monopoles Seventy-five Years Later, Thesl(2|1)⁽²⁾Gaudin magnet with diagonal boundary terms, Determination ofS-curves with applications to the theory of non-Hermitian orthogonal polynomials, K-VORTEX DYNAMICS IN $\mathcal{N}\, = \,1^*$ THEORY AND IN ITS GRAVITY DUAL, Understanding “Understanding”, CRYSTAL MELTING AND WALL CROSSING PHENOMENA, Algebraic structures on the moduli spaces in gauge theories, An SO(3)-Monopole Cobordism Formula Relating Donaldson and Seiberg–Witten Invariants, P/NP , and the quantum field computer, Some survey remarks on Whitham theory and Em duality, Unnamed Item, Recent developments in superstring theory, FERMION–BOSON DUALITY IN INTEGRABLE QUANTUM FIELD THEORY, INTEGRABILITY IN QCD AND BEYOND, CONFORMAL BLOCKS AS DOTSENKO–FATEEV INTEGRAL DISCRIMINANTS, PARTITION FUNCTIONS OF MATRIX MODELS: FIRST SPECIAL FUNCTIONS OF STRING THEORY, AN ALGORITHM FOR THE MICROSCOPIC EVALUATION OF THE COEFFICIENTS OF THE SEIBERG–WITTEN PREPOTENTIAL, The Toda system and solution to the N = 2 SUSY Yang–Mills theory, On the Cn/Zm fractional branes, Exact Results on $${\mathcal N}=2$$ Supersymmetric Gauge Theories, A Review on Instanton Counting and W-Algebras, GLUINO-CONDENSATE (CIV-DV) PREPOTENTIAL FROM ITS WHITHAM–TIME DERIVATIVES, Supersymmetric solitons, Flux compactification, Chern-Simons theory and topological strings, Instantons in QCD, Topological String Theory on Compact Calabi–Yau: Modularity and Boundary Conditions, Generalized Born-Infeld actions and projective cubic curves, Non-perturbative studies of N=2 conformal quiver gauge theories, Nonperturbative Renormalization Group Equation and Beta Function in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">N</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="italic" /><mml:mspace /><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mspace /><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mn /></mml:math>Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory, On the computation of non-perturbative effective potentials in the string theory landscape - IIB/F-theory perspective -, An Index Formula for Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>k</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>string fluxes and monopole confinement in non-Abelian theories, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">N</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:math>, 4 supersymmetric gauge field theory in two-time physics, ON EQUIVALENCE OF TWO HURWITZ MATRIX MODELS, IDEAS OF GEOMETRIZATION, GEOMETRIC INVARIANTS OF LOW-DIMENSIONAL MANIFOLDS, AND TOPOLOGICAL QUANTUM FIELD THEORIES, On elliptic algebras and large-n supersymmetric gauge theories, REVIEW OF SEIBERG–WITTEN MODEL, Slavnov Determinants, Yang–Mills Structure Constants, and Discrete KP, Holomorphic couplings in non-perturbative string compactifications, Central Extension of Extended Supergravities in Diverse Dimensions, Simple Calculation of Instanton Corrections in MASSIVE N = 2 SU(3) SYM, BPS Monopoles, Higgs Branch, Hyper-Kähler Quotient and Duality in SUSY N = 2 Yang–Mills Theories, Enhanced Gauge Symmetry in Three-Modulus Models of Type II String and Hypergeometric Series, The Power of Duality — Exact Results in 4D SUSY Field Theory, Five-Dimensional Gauge Theories and Whitham–Toda Equation, U(1) Lattice Gauge Theory and N=2 Supersymmetric Yang–Mills Theory, Evaluation of Periods via Fibrations in Seiberg–Witten Theories and in Type-II String, MORE EVIDENCE FOR THE WDVV EQUATIONS IN ${\mathcal N} = 2$ SUSY YANG–MILLS THEORIES, U(N) GAUGED ${\mathcal N} = 2$ SUPERGRAVITY AND PARTIAL BREAKING OF LOCAL ${\mathcal N} = 2$ SUPERSYMMETRY, Coulomb Phase of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">N</mml:mi><mml:mspace /><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mspace /><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mn /></mml:math>Supersymmetric QCD, BOUNDARY TERMS IN SUPERGRAVITY AND SUPERSYMMETRY, N = 1 SUPERSYMMETRIC YANG–MILLS ON THE LATTICE AT STRONG COUPLING, AMOEBAS AND INSTANTONS, SINGULARITY STRUCTURE OF ${\mathcal N} = 2$ SUPERSYMMETRIC YANG–MILLS THEORIES, QUANTUM TOPOLOGY CHANGE IN (2+1)d, THE PARISI–SOURLAS MECHANISM IN YANG–MILLS THEORY?, SEIBERG–WITTEN THEORY OF RANK TWO GAUGE GROUPS AND HYPERGEOMETRIC SERIES, ONE-INSTANTON PREDICTIONS OF A SEIBERG–WITTEN CURVE FROM M THEORY: THE SYMMETRIC REPRESENTATION OF SU(N), Confinement and Mayer cluster expansions, Fivebranes and 4-Manifolds, k-th singular locus moduli algebras of singularities and their derivation Lie algebras, Prepotential of N=2 SU(2) Yang–Mills gauge theory coupled with a massive matter multiplet, 4-Manifold topology, Donaldson–Witten theory, Floer homology and higher gauge theory methods in the BV-BFV formalism, WKB method and quantum periods beyond genus one, The Picard–Fuchs equation in classical and quantum physics: application to higher-order WKB method, Quiver ${\text{W}}_{{\boldsymbol{{\epsilon}}}_{\mathbf{1}},{\boldsymbol{{\epsilon}}}_{\mathbf{2}}}$ algebras of 4D $\boldsymbol{\mathcal{N}}\mathbf{=}\mathbf{2}$ gauge theories, 4D $\boldsymbol{\mathcal{N}}\mathbf{=}$ 2 SCFTs and spin chains, Instanton counting in class Sk, Yang–Mills theories on geometric spaces, NOETHER CURRENTS FOR N=2 SUSY QCD, APPLICATION OF EXACT RENORMALIZATION GROUP TECHNIQUES TO THE NON-PERTURBATIVE STUDY OF SUPERSYMMETRIC FIELD THEORY, THE SEIBERG–WITTEN PREPOTENTIAL AND THE EULER CLASS OF THE REDUCED MODULI SPACE OF INSTANTONS, EXACT RENORMALIZATION GROUP EQUATION IN THE PRESENCE OF RESCALING ANOMALY II, Supersymmetric field-theoretic models on a supermanifold, An introduction to knot Floer homology, Dirac monopoles and the Seiberg–Witten monopole equations, Adiabatic limit in the Ginzburg-Landau and Seiberg-Witten equations, AdS/QHE: towards a holographic description of quantum Hall experiments, Pure 𝑆𝑈(2) gauge theory partition function and generalized Bessel kernel, Double quantization of Seiberg–Witten geometry and W-algebras, Periods of meromorphic quadratic differentials and Goldman bracket, Chiral algebra, localization, modularity, surface defects, and all that, SELF-DUALITY IN MAXWELL–CHERN–SIMONS TYPE EFFECTIVE THEORIES, ${\cal N}=2$ N = 2 gauge theories: Congruence subgroups, coset graphs, and modular surfaces, MONOPOLE CONDENSATION AND MASS GAP IN SU(3) QCD, ON THE INSTANTON MODULI SPACES OF NEGATIVE DIMENSIONS, Modularity, quaternion-Kähler spaces, and mirror symmetry, CATEGORICAL TINKERTOYS FOR ${\mathcal N} = 2$ GAUGE THEORIES, THE PRINCIPLE OF LOCAL ROTATIONAL INVARIANCE AND THE COEXISTENCE OF MAGNETISM, CHARGE AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, Confining phase of $N=1$ supersymmetric gauge theories and $N=2$ massless solitons, Lectures on supersymmetric gauge theories and electric-magnetic duality, Perturbative and non-perturbative results for $N=2$ heterotic strings, Lectures on four-manifolds and topological gauge theories, Lectures on special Kähler geometry and electric-magnetic duality rotations, Black hole condensation and duality in string theory, Exact results for $N=2$ compactifications of heterotic strings, Dual string pairs with $N=1$ and $N=2$ supersymmetry in four dimensions, Black hole condensation and the web of Calabi-Yau manifolds, Summary of results in $N=1$ supersymmetric $\text{SU}(2)$ gauge theories, Discontinuous BPS spectra in $N=2$ SUSY QCD, Nonperturbative check of $N=2, D=4$ heterotic/type II duality, Lectures on duality and string dynamics, On electric-magnetic duality, M-theory, torons and confinement, Branes and the dynamics of QCD, Closing the generation gap, Duality of coordinates and matter fields in curved spacetime, Gravity and duality between coordinates and matter fields, Duality between coordinates and Dirac field., Local quantum observables in the anti-de-Sitter--conformal QFT correspondence, Strings, SUSY gauge theories, and integrable systems, Generalized WDVV equations for $F_4$ pure $N=2$ super-Yang-Mills theory, The superspace WZNW action for 4D, $N=1$ supersymmetric QCD, Five-dimensional gauge theories and local mirror symmetry., Noncommutative super Yang-Mills theories with 8 supercharges and brane configurations., Dynamical symmetry breaking in supersymmetric $\text{SU}(n_c)$ and $\text{USp}(2n_c)$ gauge theories, Elliptic models, type IIB orientifolds, and the AdS/CFT correspondence, Constructions of noncommutative instantons on $\mathbb{T}^4$ and $K_3$, Cohomological Yang-Mills theories on Kähler 3-folds, Extended gauge theories in Euclidean space with higher spin fields, Dual description for SUSY $\text{SO}(N)$ gauge theory with a symmetric tensor, Renormalization group flow and parallel transport with non-metric compatible connections, The light spectrum near the Argyres-Douglas point, Strong coupling limit of ${\mathcal N}=2$ SCFT free energy and higher derivative AdS/CFT correspondence, Monopoles and gluon fields in QCD in the maximally abelian gauge., Gravity duals of fractional branes and logarithmic RG flow., Differential equations and duality in massless integrable field theories at zero temperature., $\mathcal N=2$ supersymmetric gauge theories with massive hypermultiplets and the Whitham hierarchy., A large $N$ duality via a geometric transition, On the vacuum structure of type II string compactifications on Calabi-Yau spaces with H-fluxes, 10D to 4D Euclidean supergravity over a Calabi-Yau three-fold, On non-commutative N=2 super Yang-Mills, ADE singularities and coset models, Comments on fractional instantons in $N=2$ gauge theories, Integrable many-body systems and gauge theories, UNDERSTANDING CONFINEMENT IN QCD: ELEMENTS OF A BIG PICTURE, Self-dual model of $SU(2)$ gauge theory in a space-time with axial symmetry, Supersymmetric Noether currents and Seiberg-Witten theory., Type I superconductivity upon monopole condensation in Seiberg-Witten theory, EXACT RESULTS IN GAUGE THEORIES: PUTTING SUPERSYMMETRY TO WORK, BOGOMOL'NYI VORTICES FROM SEIBERG–WITTEN MONOPOLES, ON MASSIVE VECTOR BOSONS AND ABELIAN MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN D = (3 + 1): A POSSIBLE WAY TO QUANTIZE THE TOPOLOGICAL MASS PARAMETER, HIDDEN SYMMETRIES IN QUANTUM FIELD THEORIES FROM EXTENDED COMPLEX NUMBERS, osp(1|2) off-shell Bethe ansatz equation with boundary terms, Seiberg-Witten theory with SpinH structure, DECONSTRUCTION AND OTHER APPROACHES TO SUPERSYMMETRIC LATTICE FIELD THEORIES, DUALITY IN SUPERSYMMETRIC YANG–MILLS AND THE QUANTUM HALL EFFECT, A lift of the Seiberg–Witten equations to Kaluza–Klein five-manifolds, Geometry and physics: An overview, Moduli space of many BPS monopoles for arbitrary gauge groups, Combinatorial approach to Mathieu and Lamé equations, Hofstadter’s butterfly in quantum geometry, A-Polynomial, B-Model, and Quantization, Quantum mirror map for del Pezzo geometries, Axion RG flows and the holographic dynamics of instanton densities, Dark Energy, Dark Matter and baryogenesis from a model of a complex axion field, Superconformal symmetry and representations, Machine-learning dessins d’enfants: explorations via modular and Seiberg–Witten curves, tt∗ Toda equations for surface defects in SYM and instanton counting for classical Lie groups, A New Treatment for Some Periodic Schrödinger Operators II: The Wave Function, $ \mathcal{N} = 1$ SCFTs from F-theory on orbifolds, ABCD of qq-characters, E-strings, $F_4$, and $D_4$ triality, Effective gravitational couplings of Kaluza-Klein gauge theories, A characterization of the degenerate complex Hessian equations for functions with bounded (p,m)-energy, 2-charge circular fuzz-balls and their perturbations, On derivation Lie algebras of isolated complete intersection singularities, $ \text{Spin}^c$-structures and Seiberg-Witten equations, From 5d flat connections to 4d fluxes (the art of slicing the cone), Generalized devil's staircase and RG flows, Argyres-Douglas avatars of Coulomb branch physics, Bethe/gauge correspondence for ABCDEFG-type 3d gauge theories, Light strings and strong coupling in F-theory, Non-standard axion electrodynamics and the dual Witten effect, New duality-invariant models for nonlinear supersymmetric electrodynamics, Holographic thermal correlators for hyperbolic CFTs, Seiberg-Witten curves with $\mathrm{O}7^\pm$-planes, Instantons on Young diagrams with matters, Generalised Kähler structure on $\mathbb{C}P^2$ and elliptic functions, On low rank 4d $\mathcal{N} = 2$ SCFTs, Seiberg-Witten geometry of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ quiver gauge theories, A note on rank 5/2 Liouville irregular block, Painlevé I and the $\mathcal{H}_0$ Argyres-Douglas theory, Orthosymplectic superinstanton counting and brane dynamics, A thermal product formula, On the stability and deformability of top stars, Moduli space reconstruction and weak gravity, Exact results for $N=2$ compactifications of heterotic strings, Black hole condensation and the web of Calabi-Yau manifolds, Branes and the dynamics of QCD, Master canonical action and BRST charge of the M-theory bosonic five-brane, Higgs bundles and four manifolds, An exact elliptic superpotential for $N=1^*$ deformations of finite $N=2$ gauge theories, Confinement near Argyres-Douglas point in $N=2$ QCD and low energy version of AdS/CFT correspondence, The geometry of M5-branes and TQFTs, QCD, supersymmetric QCD, lattice QCD and string theory: Synthesis on the horizon?, Four-dimensional wall-crossing via three-dimensional field theory, Three-particle integrable systems with elliptic 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Electric-magnetic duality, monopole condensation, and confinement in \(N=2\) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory