Stability and instability of self-gravitating relativistic matter distributions
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Publication:2036623
Exact solutions to problems in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C15) Macroscopic interaction of the gravitational field with matter (hydrodynamics, etc.) (83C55) Space-time singularities, cosmic censorship, etc. (83C75) Quantum hydrodynamics and relativistic hydrodynamics (76Y05) Galactic and stellar structure (85A15) Mathematical modeling or simulation for problems pertaining to astronomy and astrophysics (85-10)
Abstract: We consider steady state solutions of the massive, asymptotically flat, spherically symmetric Einstein-Vlasov system, i.e., relativistic models of galaxies or globular clusters, and steady state solutions of the Einstein-Euler system, i.e., relativistic models of stars. Such steady states are embedded into one-parameter families parameterized by their central redshift . We prove their linear instability when is sufficiently large, i.e., when they are strongly relativistic, and that the instability is driven by a growing mode. Our work confirms the scenario of dynamic instability proposed in the 1960s by Zel'dovich & Podurets (for the Einstein-Vlasov system) and by Harrison, Thorne, Wakano, & Wheeler (for the Einstein-Euler system). Our results are in sharp contrast to the corresponding non-relativistic, Newtonian setting. We carry out a careful analysis of the linearized dynamics around the above steady states and prove an exponential trichotomy result and the corresponding index theorems for the stable/unstable invariant spaces. Finally, in the case of the Einstein-Euler system we prove a rigorous version of the turning point principle which relates the stability of steady states along the one-parameter family to the winding points of the so-called mass-radius curve.
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