A combinatorial approach to noninvolutive set-theoretic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation

DOI10.5565/PUBLMAT6522111zbMATH Open1491.16035arXiv1808.03938OpenAlexW3176732141MaRDI QIDQ2232023FDOQ2232023

Authors: Tatiana Gateva-Ivanova 

Publication date: 1 October 2021

Published in: Publicacions Matemàtiques (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study noninvolutive set-theoretic solutions $(X,r)$ of the Yang-Baxter equations in terms of the properties of the canonically associated algebraic objects-the braided monoid $S(X,r)$, the quadratic Yang-Baxter algebra $A=A(extbfk,X,r)$ over a field $extbfk$ and its Koszul dual, $A^{!}$. More generally, we continue our systematic study of nondegenerate quadratic sets $(X,r)$ and the associated algebraic objects. Next we investigate the class of (noninvolutive) square-free solutions $(X,r)$. It contains the special class of self distributive solutions (quandles). We make a detailed characterization in terms of various algebraic and combinatorial properties each of which shows the contrast between involutive and noninvolutive square-free solutions. We introduce and study a class of finite square-free braided sets $(X,r)$ of order $ngeq3$ which satisfy "the minimality condition extbf{M}", that is $di{m}_{extbfk}{A}_2=2n-1$. Examples are some simple racks of prime order $p$. Finally, we discuss general extensions of solutions and introduce the notion of "a generalized strong twisted union of braided sets". We prove that if $(Z,r)$ is a non-degenerate 2-cancellative braided set splitting as $Z=Xatura{l}^{ast}Y$, then its braided monoid $S_Z$ is a generalized strong twisted union $S_Z=S_{X}atura{l}^{ast}{S}_Y$ of the braided monoids $S_X$ and $S_Y$. Moreover, if $(Z,r)$ is injective then its braided group $G_Z=G(Z,r)$ also splits as $G_Z=G_{X}atura{l}^{ast}{G}_Y$ of the associated braided groups of $X$ and $Y$. We propose a construction of a generalized strong twisted union $Z=Xatura{l}^{ast}Y$ of braided sets $(X,r_X)$, and $(Y,r_Y)$, where the map $r$ has high, explicitly prescribed order.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.03938

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zbMATH Keywords

quadratic algebrasYang-Baxterbraided setsquadratic sets

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ordinary and skew polynomial rings and semigroup rings (16S36) Yang-Baxter equations (16T25) Quantum groups (quantized enveloping algebras) and related deformations (17B37) Quantum groups and related algebraic methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81R50)

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Cited In (19)

• Set-theoretic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation, associated quadratic algebras and the minimality condition
• Permutation-type solutions to the Yang - Baxter and othern-simplex equations
• Segre products and Segre morphisms in a class of Yang-Baxter algebras
• A combinatorial approach to the set-theoretic solutions of the Yang–Baxter equation
• The Floquet Baxterisation
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• A characterization of finite simple set-theoretic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation
• Solutions of the braid equation and orders

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