Matched pairs approach to set theoretic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation.

DOI10.1016/J.JALGEBRA.2007.10.035MaRDI QIDQ2482067zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Tatiana Gateva-Ivanova, Shahn Majid

Publication date 16 April 2008

Published in Journal of Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0507394

bi-smash product Hopf algebras bialgebras braided monoids iterated double crossed products matched pairs of groups quantum groups semigroups of I-type set-theoretic solutions Yang-Baxter equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Bialgebras (16T10) Ring-theoretic aspects of quantum groups (16T20) Yang-Baxter equations (16T25) Quantum groups (quantized enveloping algebras) and related deformations (17B37)

Abstract: We study set-theoretic solutions

(X, r)

of the Yang-Baxter equations on a set

X

in terms of the induced left and right actions of

X

on itself. We give a characterization of involutive square-free solutions in terms of cyclicity conditions. We characterise general solutions in terms of abstract matched pair properties of the associated monoid

S (X, r)

and we show that

r

extends as a solution

(S (X, r), r_{S})

. Finally, we study extensions of solutions both directly and in terms of matched pairs of their associated monoids. We also prove several general results about matched pairs of monoids

S

of the required type, including iterated products

equivalent to

r_{S}

a solution, and extensions

. Examples include a general `double' construction

and some concrete extensions, their actions and graphs based on small sets.

Review text

Set-theoretic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation were introduced in 1990 by Drinfeld. They are related to algebraic and combinatorial structures like Artin-Schelter regular algebras, semigroups of I-type, matched pairs of groups, radical rings, biquandles, minimal quantum groups, and so on. The authors give a systematic account on set-theoretic solutions \(r\colon X^2\to X^2\) of the YBE and the corresponding monoid \(S(X,r)\) generated by \(r\). They study matched pairs of monoids and braided monoids generalizing braided groups [cf. \textit{M. Takeuchi}, Banach Cent. Publ. 61, 305--331 (2003; Zbl 1066.16044)]. For example, every braided set \((X,r)\) extends to a braided monoid \((S,r_S)\), which leads to a double \(S\bowtie S\). It is shown how this process can be iterated to give higher crossed products \(S\bowtie S\bowtie S\) analogous to iterated double crossed products for bialgebras. In terms of matched pairs, a criterion for a regular extension of solutions of the YBE (as sets, this is a disjoint union) to satisfy the YBE is given. The ``generalized twisted union of \textit{P. Etingof, T. Schedler}, and \textit{A. Soloviev} [Duke Math. J. 100, No. 2, 169--209 (1999; Zbl 0969.81030)] is obtained as a special case of what the authors call ``strong twisted union. The paper concludes with examples presented in a graphical notation.

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