Global well-posedness and scattering for the energy-critical Schrödinger equation in R^3

Abstract: We obtain global well-posedness, scattering, and global

L_{t, x}^{10}

spacetime bounds for energy-class solutions to the quintic defocusing Schr"odinger equation in

R^{1 + 3}

, which is energy-critical. In particular, this establishes global existence of classical solutions. Our work extends the results of Bourgain and Grillakis, which handled the radial case. The method is similar in spirit to the induction-on-energy strategy of Bourgain, but we perform the induction analysis in both frequency space and physical space simultaneously, and replace the Morawetz inequality by an interaction variant. The principal advantage of the interaction Morawetz estimate is that it is not localized to the spatial origin and so is better able to handle nonradial solutions. In particular, this interaction estimate, together with an almost-conservation argument controlling the movement of

L^{2}

mass in frequency space, rules out the possibility of energy concentration.

Review text

The subject of the work is the nonlinear Schrödinger equation in the three-dimensional space, with the self-defocusing quintic nonlinearity: \[ iu_t + \Delta u = |u|^4u, \] where \(\Delta\) is the three-dimensional Laplacian. This equation is considered to be of the ``energy-critical type because its Hamiltonian remains invariant under the scaling transformation, \(u\to\lambda^{1/2}u\), \(x\to \lambda^{-1}x\), \(t\to \lambda^{-2}t\). In previous works, it has been proven that the initial problem for this equation is a globally well-posed one for small values of the energy (Hamiltonian), or locally well-posed for arbitrary values of the energy. It has also been demonstrated that the initial-value problem is well-posed assuming the spherical symmetry of solutions. The main result of the present work is a rigorous proof of the global existence of a single solution to the initial-value problem, with arbitrary finite energy \(E\). The solution obeys a constraint, \[ \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}\int_{R^{3}} |u(t,{\mathbf x})|^{10} dtd{\mathbf x}\leq C(E), \] with constant \(C\) that depends only on the energy. The spherical symmetry of the solutions is not assumed. As a consequence, the scattering property of the solutions is also proved, i.e., the fact that, at \(t\to\infty\), a general solution of the nonlinear equation asymptotically approaches a solution of the linear three-dimensional Schrödinger equation.

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