Estimation optimale du gradient du semi-groupe de la chaleur sur le groupe de Heisenberg

DOI10.1016/J.JFA.2006.02.016MaRDI QIDQ2497925zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Hong-Quan Li

Publication date 4 August 2006

Published in Journal of Functional Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfa.2006.02.016

zbMATH Keywords

heat kernelheat semigroupHeisenberg groupPoincaré inequality, representation formulasubriemannian structure

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Analysis on real and complex Lie groups (22E30) Heat equation (35K05) PDEs on Heisenberg groups, Lie groups, Carnot groups, etc. (35R03) Heat and other parabolic equation methods for PDEs on manifolds (58J35)

Review text

Let \( \Delta=X_1^ 2+X_2^ 2 \) be the sublaplacian on the three dimensional Heisenberg group \( \mathbb H\), where \( X_1 \) and \( X_2 \) are the partial differential operators on \(\mathbb R^ 3\) defined by \( X_1=\frac{\partial }{\partial x_1}+2x_2 \frac{\partial}{\partial t}\) and \( X_2=\frac{\partial }{\partial x_2}-2x_1 \frac{\partial}{\partial t}\). Denote by \( \nabla=(X_1,X_2) \) the gradient operator and by \( e^ {t\Delta}( t>0) \) the heat semigroup on \(\mathbb H\). For \( 1<w<\infty \) it has been shown by \textit{B. K. Driver} and \textit{T. Melcher} [J. Funct. Anal. 221, 340--365 (2005; Zbl 1071.22005)], that \(|\nabla e^ {t\Delta}f|(g)\leq C_w [e^{t\Delta}(| \nabla f|^ w )(g)]^ {1/w}\) for all \( g\in \mathbb H \), \(t>0\) and \( f\in C_0^ \infty(\mathbb H) \) for some constant \( C_w>1,\) and the case \( w=1 \) could not be treated by their methods. The author solves this problem and he shows that there exists a constant \( C>0 \), such that \(|\nabla e^ {t\Delta}f|(g)\leq C e ^ {t\Delta}(| \nabla f| )(g)\) for all \( g\in \mathbb H \), \(t>0\) and \( f\in C_0^ \infty(\mathbb H) \). The (difficult) proof of this result uses the Poincaré inequality [see for instance \textit{P. Maheux} and \textit{L. Saloff-Coste}, Math. Ann. 303, No.~4, 713--740 (1995; Zbl 0836.35106)], the explicit expression of the Carnot-Carathéodory distance and the geodesics [see \textit{R. Beals, B. Gaveau} and \textit{P. C. Griener}, J. Math. Pures Appl. (9) 79, 633--689 (2000; Zbl 0959.35035)] and an optimal estimation of the heat kernel and its gradient [see \textit{H. Hueber} and \textit{D. Mueller}, Math. Ann. 283, 97--119 (1989; Zbl 0639.31005)].

Recommendations

• Gradient estimates for the heat semigroup on \(\mathbb H\)-type groups
• Optimal estimates of the heat kernel on Heisenberg type groups
• Hypoelliptic heat kernel inequalities on the Heisenberg group
• Hypoelliptic heat kernel inequalities on Lie groups
• Gradient estimates for the subelliptic heat kernel on H-type groups

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Cited in

(66)

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• Gradient estimates for the subelliptic heat kernel on H-type groups
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• Coupling in the Heisenberg group and its applications to gradient estimates
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