Birkhoff's polytope and unistochastic matrices, N=3 and N=4

DOI10.1007/S00220-005-1392-8MaRDI QIDQ2575393zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Ingemar Bengtsson, Åsa Ericsson, Wojciech Tadej, Karol Życzkowski, Marek Kuś

Publication date 9 December 2005

Published in Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0402325

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geometric probability and stochastic geometry (60D05) Markov chains (discrete-time Markov processes on discrete state spaces) (60J10) Combinatorial probability (60C05) Stochastic matrices (15B51)

Abstract: The set of bistochastic or doubly stochastic N by N matrices form a convex set called Birkhoff's polytope, that we describe in some detail. Our problem is to characterize the set of unistochastic matrices as a subset of Birkhoff's polytope. For N=3 we present fairly complete results. For N=4 partial results are obtained. An interesting difference between the two cases is that there is a ball of unistochastic matrices around the van der Waerden matrix for N=3, while this is not the case for N=4.

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Cited in

(43)

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