Multi-switches and virtual knot invariants
The authors introduce the notion of (virtual) multi-switch as a generalisation of (virtual) switch in their work [\textit{V. Bardakov} and \textit{T. Nasybullov}, ``Multi-switches and representations of braid groups, Preprint, \url{arXiv:1907.09230}]. Informally, switches are maps corresponding to set-theoretic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation. The (virtual) multi-switches are then used by the authors to give a general approach for the construction of representations of (virtual) braid groups by automorphisms of certain algebraic systems. The highlights of the paper are as follows. The authors give a general technique of how (virtual) multi-switches can be used to construct (virtual) knot invariants. More precisely, for a given virtual multi-switch \((S,V)\) on an algebraic object \(X\) in some category, and a given virtual link \(L\), an algebraic object \(X_{S,V}(L)\) from the same category is constructed by the authors. It is proved that \(X_{S,V}(L)\) is a virtual knot invariant. Interestingly, it is shown that the well-known invariants like (Kauffman's virtual) knot groups, (virtual) quandles, (generalised) Alexander polynomial can be recovered from this construction. Using a method of constructing representations of virtual braid groups through multi-switches from their previous work, the authors develop a technique to calculate \(X_{S,V}(L)\) from the representation constructed previously. In the process, the authors construct a new quandle invariant for virtual links, which generalises the quandles defined by [\textit{L. H. Kauffman}, Eur. J. Comb. 20, No. 7, 663--690 (1999; Zbl 0938.57006)] and [\textit{V. O. Manturov}, Acta Appl. Math. 72, No. 3, 295--309 (2002; Zbl 1003.57005)]. The authors conclude by remarking that the group associated to the new quandle invariant can be used as a definition of a virtual link group.
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- The equation [B,(A-1)(A,B)]=0 and virtual knots and links
- A categorical model for the virtual braid group
- On invariants of virtual links
- Virtual shadow modules and their link invariants
- A categorical structure for the virtual braid group
- BIQUANDLES FOR VIRTUAL KNOTS
- Virtual knots and infinite-dimensional Lie algebras
- A classifying invariant of knots, the knot quandle
- A representation of virtual braids by automorphisms
- A survey of quandle ideas
- ALEXANDER GROUPS AND VIRTUAL LINKS
- Alexander invariants for virtual knots
- Algebraic properties of quandle extensions and values of cocycle knot invariants
- Automorphism groups of quandles and related groups
- Automorphism groups of quandles arising from groups
- Biquandles and virtual links
- BIQUANDLES FOR VIRTUAL KNOTS
- Biquandles of small size and some invariants of virtual and welded knots
- Connections between properties of the additive and the multiplicative groups of a two-sided skew brace
- DISTRIBUTIVE GROUPOIDS IN KNOT THEORY
- Embeddings of quandles into groups
- Erratum: Biquandles of small size and some invariants of virtual and welded knots
- Free quandles and knot quandles are residually finite
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- ON HOMOLOGY OF VIRTUAL BRAIDS AND BURAU REPRESENTATION
- On invariants of virtual links
- On skew braces (with an appendix by N. Byott and L. Vendramin)
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- ON THE ORBIT DECOMPOSITION OF FINITE QUANDLES
- Polynomial knot and link invariants from the virtual biquandle
- Quandle coloring and cocycle invariants of composite knots and abelian extensions
- Quandles and topological pairs. Symmetry, knots, and cohomology
- RACKS AND LINKS IN CODIMENSION TWO
- Representations of virtual braids by automorphisms and virtual knot groups
- Skew braces and the Yang-Baxter equation
- TACKLING THE TREFOILS
- The combinatorial revolution in knot theory
- The Yang-Baxter equation and invariants of links
- Virtual biquandles
- VIRTUAL KNOT INVARIANTS FROM GROUP BIQUANDLES AND THEIR COCYCLES
- Virtual knot theory
- Virtual link groups
- Virtual quandle for links in Lens spaces
- General constructions of biquandles and their symmetries
- Virtual and universal braid groups, their quotients and representations
- Multi-switches, representations of virtual braids, and invariants of virtual links
- The equation [B,(A-1)(A,B)]=0 and virtual knots and links
- Multi-switches and representations of braid groups
- Representations of flat virtual braids which do not preserve the forbidden relations
- Constructions of quandles over groups and rings
- An improved noise-tolerant zeroing neural network model for solving the time-varying Yang-Baxter-like matrix equation
- Classification of λ -homomorphic braces on ℤ 2
- Compatible structures of generalized Alexander quandles: distributivity and medial identities
- Set theoretical solutions of equations of n-simplexes
- Virtual knots and infinite-dimensional Lie algebras
- Verbal quandles with one parameter
- Some constructions of extensions of near-rings
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