Algebro-geometric aspects of Heine-Stieltjes theory

DOI10.1112/JLMS/JDQ061zbMATH Open1210.34127arXiv0812.4193OpenAlexW2079539759MaRDI QIDQ3074531FDOQ3074531

Authors: Boris Shapiro 

Publication date: 9 February 2011

Published in: Journal of the London Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The goal of this paper is to develop a Heine-Stieltjes theory for univariate linear differential operators of higher order. Namely, for a given given operator T=sum_i Q_i(z)d^i/dz^i with polynomial coefficients Q_i(z) set r=max_i (deg Q_i(z)-i). Following the classical approach of Heine and Stieltjes we study the multiparameter spectral problem of finding all polynomial V(z) of degree at most r such that the equation: T(z)S(z)+V(z)S(z=0 has for a given positive integer n a polynomial solution S(z) of degree n. We show that under some mild non-degeneracy assumptions there exist exactly ((n+r) choose n) such polynomials V_n,i(z). We generalize a number of classically known results in this area and discuss occurring degeneracies.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0812.4193

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Zeros of polynomials, rational functions, and other analytic functions of one complex variable (e.g., zeros of functions with bounded Dirichlet integral) (30C15) Particular ordinary differential operators (Dirac, one-dimensional Schrödinger, etc.) (34L40) Eigenfunctions, eigenfunction expansions, completeness of eigenfunctions of ordinary differential operators (34L10)

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• On the zeros of polynomials satisfying certain linear second-order ODEs featuring many free parameters

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