The cyclicity of period annuli of a class of quadratic reversible systems with two centers

DOI10.1016/J.JDE.2012.02.005MaRDI QIDQ414811zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Changjian Liu

Publication date 11 May 2012

Published in Journal of Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2012.02.005

zbMATH Keywords

abelian integralslimit cyclequadratic reversible centerssmall perturbation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Theory of limit cycles of polynomial and analytic vector fields (existence, uniqueness, bounds, Hilbert's 16th problem and ramifications) for ordinary differential equations (34C07) Ordinary differential equations and connections with real algebraic geometry (fewnomials, desingularization, zeros of abelian integrals, etc.) (34C08) Symmetries, invariants of ordinary differential equations (34C14)

Review text

The paper deals with the limit cycles of a planar quadratic time-reversible system with two centers, bifurcating under small quadratic perturbations. Except for one case which was already studied, a reversible system can be written as NEWLINENEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{aligned} \dot{x}&=-y+ax^2+by^2,\\ \dot{y}&=x(1-2y).\end{aligned}\tag{1}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE NEWLINESo far, no general results are known about the limit cycles under small perturbation of (1) when the parameters \(a\), \(b\) belong to some open set in \(\mathbb{R}^{2}\). Only particular results have been proved for some fixed values of \(a\) and variable \(b\). For most of them, the phase curves of (1) are conic or elliptic.NEWLINENEWLINEHere, the author deals with the case when \(a=-\frac32\), \(b\in(0,2)\). Then system (1) can be transformed to a system having a first integral NEWLINE\[NEWLINEH(x,y)=|y|^{-\frac32}[x^2+2by^2+4(b-1)y-{\textstyle \frac23}(b-2)]NEWLINE\]NEWLINE and the phase curves \(H(x,y^2)=h\) are clearly elliptic.NEWLINENEWLINEEven in the elliptic case, the problem of the number of bifurcating limit cycles reduces to a rather difficult problem to find a bound on the zeros of some complete elliptic integral \(I(h)\) depending on parameters. This is the so called ``abelian integrals method to study the weakened 16th Hilbert's problem. It contains a derivation of Picard-Fuchs equations, complexification and usage of the argument principle, local calculations at the values of \(h\) corresponding to a center and the separatrix contour (on the Poincaré sphere) which determine the corresponding annulus of periodic trajectories. Together, the geometry of some special planar curves parametrized by \(h\) and determined by ratios of elliptic integrals is crucial in the proofs.NEWLINENEWLINEThe author is able to apply all these tools in proving his main results. Namely, if \(b\in(\frac12,\frac32)\), then the cyclicity of each period annulus is two and the total cyclicity of two period annuli is three. If \(b\in(0,\frac12)\cup(\frac32,2)\), then one of the annuli has cyclicity one and the other has cyclicity three. The total cyclicity is four. All these bounds are exact. To prove them, the author first studies the zeros of the function \(I(h)-hI'(h)\).

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Cited in

(23)

• Quadratic perturbations of a class of quadratic reversible systems with two centers
• Every period annulus is both reversible and symmetric
• The cyclicity of the period annulus of a class of quadratic reversible system
• Normal forms for equivariant differential equations
• The criticality of reversible quadratic centers at the outer boundary of its period annulus
• The cyclicity of a class of quadratic reversible centers defining elliptic curves
• Quadratic double centers and their perturbations
• Limit cycles appearing from a generalized heteroclinic loop with a cusp and a nilpotent saddle
• Bi-center problem and Hopf cyclicity of a cubic Liénard system
• Centers with equal period functions
• Abelian integrals and limit cycles for a class of cubic polynomial vector fields of Lotka-Volterra type with a rational first integral of degree two
• Phase portraits of separable quadratic systems and a bibliographical survey on quadratic systems
• Periodic orbits from second order perturbation via rational trigonometric integrals
• On the fixed points set of differential systems reversibilities
• Inhomogeneous Fuchs equations and the limit cycles in a class of near-integrable quadratic systems
• The cyclicity of the period annulus of a reversible quadratic system
• Limit cycles bifurcating from periodic orbits near a centre and a homoclinic loop with a nilpotent singularity of Hamiltonian systems
• The Number of Limit Cycles Bifurcating from a Quadratic Reversible Center
• The cyclicity of a class of quadratic reversible systems with hyperelliptic curves
• Limit cycle bifurcations by perturbing a kind of quadratic Hamiltonian system having a homoclinic loop
• The cyclicity of hyperbolic hemicycles
• The cyclicity of the elliptic segment loops of the reversible quadratic Hamiltonian systems under quadratic perturbations
• The cyclicity of period annuli of some classes of reversible quadratic systems

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