Nonsymmetric Askey-Wilson polynomials and Q-polynomial distance-regular graphs

DOI10.1016/J.JCTA.2016.11.006MaRDI QIDQ501689zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jae-Ho Lee

Publication date 9 January 2017

Published in Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1509.04433

zbMATH Keywords

distance-regular graphAskey-Wilson polynomial\(Q\)-polynomial\(q\)-Racah polynomialDAHA of rank onenonsymmetric \(q\)-Racah polynomialnonsymmetric Askey-Wilson polynomial

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Graph polynomials (05C31) Distance in graphs (05C12) Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45) Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05)

Abstract: In his famous theorem (1982), Douglas Leonard characterized the $q$-Racah polynomials and their relatives in the Askey scheme from the duality property of $Q$-polynomial distance-regular graphs. In this paper we consider a nonsymmetric (or Laurent) version of the $q$-Racah polynomials in the above situation. Let $Gamma$ denote a $Q$-polynomial distance-regular graph that contains a Delsarte clique $C$. Assume that $Gamma$ has $q$-Racah type. Fix a vertex $xinC$. We partition the vertex set of $Gamma$ according to the path-length distance to both $x$ and $C$. The linear span of the characteristic vectors corresponding to the cells in this partition has an irreducible module structure for the universal double affine Hecke algebra $hat{H}_q$ of type $(C_1^{vee},C_1)$. From this module, we naturally obtain a finite sequence of orthogonal Laurent polynomials. We prove the orthogonality relations for these polynomials, using the $hat{H}_q$-module and the theory of Leonard systems. Changing $hat{H}_q$ by $hat{H}_{q^{-1}}$ we show how our Laurent polynomials are related to the nonsymmetric Askey-Wilson polynomials, and therefore how our Laurent polynomials can be viewed as nonsymmetric $q$-Racah polynomials.

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Cited in

(8)

• Dual polar graphs, a nil-DAHA of rank one, and non-symmetric dual \(q\)-Krawtchouk polynomials
• Nonsymmetric Askey-Wilson polynomials as vector-valued polynomials
• Double affine Hecke algebra of rank 1 and orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle
• \(Q\)-polynomial distance-regular graphs and a double affine Hecke algebra of rank one
• Dual polar graphs, a nil-DAHA of rank one, and non-symmetric dual \(q\)-Krawtchouk polynomials
• Finite-dimensional irreducible modules of the universal DAHA of type \((C_1^\vee ,C_1)\)
• Grassmann graphs, degenerate DAHA, and non-symmetric dual \(q\)-Hahn polynomials
• A diagram associated with the subconstituent algebra of a distance-regular graph

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