The Witten index and the spectral shift function

DOI10.1142/S0129055X22500118zbMATH Open1492.81053arXiv2101.06812OpenAlexW4213336915MaRDI QIDQ5089714FDOQ5089714

Authors: Galina Levitina, Denis Potapov, A. L. Carey, Fedor Sukochev 

Publication date: 15 July 2022

Published in: Reviews in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In cite{APSIII} Atiyah, Patodi and Singer introduced spectral flow for elliptic operators on odd dimensional compact manifolds. They argued that it could be computed from the Fredholm index of an elliptic operator on a manifold of one higher dimension. A general proof of this fact was produced by Robbin-Salamon cite{RS95}. In cite{GLMST}, a start was made on extending these ideas to operators with some essential spectrum as occurs on non-compact manifolds. The new ingredient introduced there was to exploit scattering theory following the fundamental paper cite{Pu08}. These results do not apply to differential operators directly, only to pseudo-differential operators on manifolds, due to the restrictive assumption that spectral flow is considered between an operator and {its perturbation by a relatively trace-class operator}. In this paper we extend the main results of these earlier papers to spectral flow between an operator and a perturbation satisfying a higher $p^{th}$ Schatten class condition for $0leqp<infty$, thus allowing differential operators on manifolds of any dimension $d<p+1$. In fact our main result does not assume any ellipticity or Fredholm properties at all and proves an operator theoretic trace formula motivated by cite{BCPRSW, CGK16}. We illustrate our results using Dirac type operators on $$ for arbitrary $$. In this setting our main result substantially extends cite[Theorem 3.5]{CGGLPSZ16}, where the case $d=1$ was treated.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.06812

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zbMATH Keywords

trace formulasspectral shift functionWitten index

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

(Semi-) Fredholm operators; index theories (47A53) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Quantum scattering theory (81U99) Index theory (19K56)

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Cited In (7)

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• Spectral flow inside essential spectrum
• Witten index for noncompact dynamics
• Spectral flow and resonance index
• The index formula and the spectral shift function for relatively trace class perturbations
• On a spectral flow formula for the homological index
• Index theory beyond the Fredholm case

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