On the Witten index in terms of spectral shift functions

DOI10.1007/S11854-017-0003-XzbMATH Open1481.47012arXiv1404.0740OpenAlexW2963223162MaRDI QIDQ2408400FDOQ2408400

Yuri Tomilov, Denis Potapov, Fritz Gesztesy, A. L. Carey, Fedor Sukochev

Publication date: 12 October 2017

Published in: Journal d'Analyse Mathématique (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study the model operator $mathbf{D}_{mathbfA}=(d/dt)+mathbfA$ in $L^2(mathbbR;mathcalH)$ associated with the operator path ${A(t)}_{t=-infty}^{infty}$, where $(mathbfAf)(t)=A(t)f(t)$ for a.e. $tinmathbbR$, and appropriate $fin{L}^2(mathbbR;mathcalH)$ (with $mathcalH$ a separable, complex Hilbert space). Denoting by $A_{pm}$ the norm resolvent limits of $A(t)$ as $topminfty$, our setup permits $A(t)$ in $mathcalH$ to be an unbounded, relatively trace class perturbation of the unbounded self-adjoint operator $A_{-}$, and no discrete spectrum assumptions are made on $A_{pm}$. We introduce resolvent and semigroup regularized Witten indices of $mathbf{D}_{mathbfA}$, denoted by $W_r$ and $W_s$, and prove that these regularized indices coincide with the Fredholm index of $mathbf{D}_{mathbfA}$ whenever the latter is Fredholm. In situations where $mathbf{D}_{mathbfA}$ ceases to be a Fredholm operator in $L^2(mathbbR;mathcalH)$ we compute its resolvent (resp., semigroup) regularized Witten index in terms of the spectral shift function $xi(,cdot,;A_{+},A_{-})$ associated with the pair $(A_{+},A_{-})$ as follows: Assuming $0$ to be a right and a left Lebesgue point of $xi(,cdot,,;A_{+},A_{-})$, denoted by $x{i}_L(0_{+};A_{+},A_{-})$ and $x{i}_L(0_{-};A_{+},A_{-})$, we prove that $0$ is also a right Lebesgue point of $xi(,cdot,,;mathbf{H}_2,mathbf{H}_1)$, denoted by $x{i}_L(0_{+};mathbf{H}_2,mathbf{H}_1)$, and that �egin{align*} W_r(mathbf{D}_{mathbf{A}}) &= W_s(mathbf{D}_{mathbf{A}}) \ & = xi_L(0_+; mathbf{H_2}, mathbf{H_1}) \ & = [xi_L(0_+; A_+,A_-) + xi_L(0_-; A_+, A_-)]/2, end{align*} the principal result of this paper. In the special case where $dim(mathcalH)<infty$, we prove that the Witten indices of $mathbf{D}_{mathbfA}$ are either integer, or half-integer-valued.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1404.0740

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zbMATH Keywords

model operatorspectral shift functiontrace class perturbationregularized indicesresolvent regularized Witten index

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

(Semi-) Fredholm operators; index theories (47A53)

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Cited In (16)

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• On the global limiting absorption principle for massless Dirac operators
• A Jost-Pais-type reduction of Fredholm determinants and some applications
• The Witten index and the spectral shift function
• Topological invariance of the Witten index
• Witten index, axial anomaly, and Krein’s spectral shift function in supersymmetric quantum mechanics
• On index theory for non-Fredholm operators: a \((1+1)\)-dimensional example
• Topological invariance of the homological index
• On the index of a non-Fredholm model operator
• The Spectral Shift Function and the Witten Index
• The Witten index for one-dimensional split-step quantum walks under the non-Fredholm condition
• Anomalies of Dirac type operators on Euclidean space

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