Asymptotic evolution of quantum walks with random coin
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Publication:5263557
DOI10.1063/1.3575568zbMATH Open1316.81066arXiv1009.2019OpenAlexW2156029098WikidataQ62124816 ScholiaQ62124816MaRDI QIDQ5263557FDOQ5263557
Albert H. Werner, H. Vogts, Reinhard F. Werner, Andre Ahlbrecht
Publication date: 17 July 2015
Published in: Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: We study the asymptotic position distribution of general quantum walks on a lattice, including walks with a random coin, which is chosen from step to step by a general Markov chain. In the unitary (i.e., non-random) case, we allow any unitary operator, which commutes with translations, and couples only sites at a finite distance from each other. For example, a single step of the walk could be composed of any finite succession of different shift and coin operations in the usual sense, with any lattice dimension and coin dimension. We find ballistic scaling, and establish a direct method for computing the asymptotic distribution of position divided by time, namely as the distribution of the discrete time analog of the group velocity. In the random case, we let a Markov chain (control process) pick in each step one of finitely many unitary walks, in the sense described above. In ballistic order we find a non-random drift, which depends only on the mean of the control process and not on the initial state. In diffusive scaling the limiting distribution is asymptotically Gaussian, with a covariance matrix (diffusion matrix) depending on momentum. The diffusion matrix depends not only on the mean but also on the transition rates of the control process. In the non-random limit, i.e., when the coins chosen are all very close, or the transition rates of the control process are small, leading to long intervals of ballistic evolution, the diffusion matrix diverges. Our method is based on spatial Fourier transforms, and the first and second order perturbation theory of the eigenvalue 1 of the transition operator for each value of the momentum.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1009.2019
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Asymptotic distribution theory in statistics (62E20) Markov chains (discrete-time Markov processes on discrete state spaces) (60J10) Sums of independent random variables; random walks (60G50) Quantum mechanics on special spaces: manifolds, fractals, graphs, lattices (81Q35) Quantum stochastic calculus (81S25)
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