Convergence of the self‐dual U(1)‐Yang–Mills–Higgs energies to the (n−2)(n-2)‐area functional

DOI10.1002/CPA.22150MaRDI QIDQ6180718zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Davide Parise, Alessandro Pigati, Daniel Stern

Publication date 2 January 2024

Published in Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.14615

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Automata and formal grammars in connection with logical questions (03D05) Abstract manifolds and fiber bundles (category-theoretic aspects) (18F15) Critical points of functionals in context of PDEs (e.g., energy functionals) (35B38) Quasilinear elliptic equations with mean curvature operator (35J93) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in mechanics of particles and systems (70S15) General and philosophical questions in quantum theory (81P05)

Abstract: Given a hermitian line bundle $LoM$ on a closed Riemannian manifold $(M^n,g)$, the self-dual Yang-Mills-Higgs energies are a natural family of functionals �egin{align*} &E_epsilon(u,

abla):=int_MBig(| abla u|^2+epsilon^2|F_

abla|^2+frac{(1-|u|^2)^2}{4epsilon^2}Big) end{align*} defined for couples $(u,abla)$ consisting of a section $uinGamma(L)$ and a hermitian connection $abla$ with curvature $F_{a}bla$. While the critical points of these functionals have been well-studied in dimension two by the gauge theory community, it was shown in previous work of the second- and third-named authors that critical points in higher dimension converge as $epsilono0$ (in an appropriate sense) to minimal submanifolds of codimension two, with strong parallels to the correspondence between the Allen-Cahn equations and minimal hypersurfaces. In this paper, we complement this idea by showing the $Gamma$-convergence of $E_{e}psilon$ to ($2pi$ times) the codimension two area: more precisely, given a family of couples $(u_{e}psilon,abl{a}_{e}psilon)$ with $su{p}_{e}psilon{E}_{e}psilon(u_{e}psilon,abl{a}_{e}psilon)<infty$, we prove that a suitable gauge invariant Jacobian $J(u_{e}psilon,abl{a}_{e}psilon)$ converges to an integral $(n-2)$-cycle $Gamma$, in the homology class dual to the Euler class $c_1(L)$, with mass $2pimathbbM(Gamma)lelimin{f}_{epsilonightarrow0}{E}_{e}psilon(u_{e}psilon,abl{a}_{e}psilon)$. We also obtain a recovery sequence for any integral cycle in this homology class. Finally, we apply these techniques to compare min-max values for the $(n-2)$-area from the Almgren-Pitts theory with those obtained from the Yang-Mills-Higgs framework, showing that the former values always provide a lower bound for the latter. As an ingredient, we also establish a Huisken-type monotonicity result along the gradient flow of $E_{epsilon}$.

Recommendations

• Minimal submanifolds from the abelian Higgs model
• The parabolic U(1)-Higgs equations and codimension-two mean curvature flows
• The Yang-Mills-Higgs functional on complex line bundles: \(\Gamma\)-convergence and the London equation
• The Yang-Mills-Higgs functional on complex line bundles: asymptotics for critical points
• Asymptotic limits of a self-dual Ginzburg-Landau functional in bounded domains

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Cited in

(8)

• The Yang-Mills-Higgs functional on complex line bundles: \(\Gamma\)-convergence and the London equation
• On the bifurcation theory of the Ginzburg–Landau equations
• The parabolic U(1)-Higgs equations and codimension-two mean curvature flows
• Non-degenerate minimal submanifolds as energy concentration sets: a variational approach
• Quantitative stability of Yang-Mills-Higgs instantons in two dimensions
• Second inner variations, stress-energy tensors, and index of limiting varifolds
• Nonabelian Yang-Mills-Higgs and Plateau's problem in codimension three
• Coercivity and Gamma-convergence of the p -energy of sphere-valued Sobolev maps

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