Quadratic decomposition of bivariate orthogonal polynomials

Orthogonal polynomials and functions in several variables expressible in terms of special functions in one variable (33C50) Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05)

Abstract: We describe bivariate polynomial sequences orthogonal to a symmetric weight function in terms of several bivariate polynomial sequences orthogonal with respect to Christoffel transformations of the initial weight under a quadratic transformation. We analyze the construction of a symmetric bivariate orthogonal polynomial sequence from a given one, orthogonal to a weight function defined on the positive plane. In this description plays an important role a sort of Backlund type matrix transformations for the involved three term matrix coefficients. We take as a case study relations between symmetric orthogonal polynomials defined on the ball and on the simplex.

Review text

Denoting the linear space of bivariate polynomials of total degree not greater than \(n\) by \(\Pi_{n}\), let us consider \(\Pi = \bigcup_{n \geq 0} \Pi_{n} \). The authors consider the set given by \(\{ P_{n,m}(x,y) : 0 \leq m \leq n \, , \, n \geq 0\, \}\) and such that, for a fixed \(n \geq 0\), \(\deg P_{n,m}(x,y)=n\), and \(\{ P_{n,m}(x,y) : 0 \leq m \leq n \, \}\) contains \(n+1\) linearly independent polynomials of total degree exactly \(n\). Writing the vector of polynomials \[ \mathbb{P}_{n } = [ P_{n,0}(x,y) \; P_{n,1}(x,y)\; \cdots \; P_{n,n}(x,y) ] ^{T}, \] the sequence of polynomial vectors of increasing size \(\{ \mathbb{P}_{n }\}_{n \geq 0}\) is called a polynomial system (PS), and it is a basis of \(\Pi\). Furthermore, it is considered monic PS, which means that each entry has the form \[ P_{n,j}(x,y) = x^{n-j}y^{j}+ \sum_{m=0}^{n-1}\sum_{i=0}^{m} a_{m-i,i}x^{m-i}y^{i}\, , \quad 0 \leq j \leq n. \] Taking into account the work of \textit{Y. Xu} [Methods Appl. Anal. 5, No. 2, 169--184 (1998; Zbl 0913.33005); Constr. Approx. 17, No. 3, 383--412 (2001; Zbl 0985.33007)], and recalling symmetry definitions and results from [\textit{C. F. Dunkl} and \textit{Y. Xu}, Orthogonal polynomials of several variables. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2014; Zbl 1317.33001)], as also introducing additional definitions, the authors establish interesting results regarding the families of polynomials obtained by a quadratic decomposition process. The corresponding weight functions are analysed and Bäcklund-type relations are provided.

Recommendations

Cites work

Cited in

(4)

This page was built for publication: Quadratic decomposition of bivariate orthogonal polynomials

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q6040010)