Regularity of the optimal sets for some spectral functionals

Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35) Eigenvalue problems for linear operators (47A75) Viscosity solutions to Hamilton-Jacobi equations in optimal control and differential games (49L25) Optimization of shapes other than minimal surfaces (49Q10) Variational methods for eigenvalues of operators (49R05)

Abstract: In this paper we study the regularity of the optimal sets for the shape optimization problem [ minBig{lambda_1(Omega)+dots+lambda_k(Omega) : Omegasubsetmathbb{R}^d, ext{open} , |Omega|=1Big}, ] where

l a m b d a_{1} (c d o t), d o t s, l a m b d a_{k} (c d o t)

denote the eigenvalues of the Dirichlet Laplacian and

| c d o t |

the

d

-dimensional Lebesgue measure. We prove that the topological boundary of a minimizer

O m e g a_{k}^{*}

is composed of a relatively open regular part which is locally a graph of a

C^{1, a l p h a}

function and a closed singular part, which is empty if

d < d^{*}

, contains at most a finite number of isolated points if

d = d^{*}

and has Hausdorff dimension smaller than

(d - d^{*})

if

d > d^{*}

, where the natural number

d^{*} i n [5, 7]

is the smallest dimension at which minimizing one-phase free boundaries admit singularities. To achieve our goal, as an auxiliary result, we shall extend for the first time the known regularity theory for the one-phase free boundary problem to the vector-valued case.

Review text

Functionals involving the eigenvalues of the Laplacian are the object of this paper. The authors study the regularity of the optimal sets for the shape optimization problem \[ (*)\;\min\Big\{\lambda_{1}(\Omega)+\dotsm+\lambda_{k}(\Omega)\;:\;\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^{d}\;\text{open},\quad |\Omega| = 1\Big\}, \] where \(\lambda_{1},\dotsc,\lambda_{k}\) are the eigenvalues of the Dirichlet Laplacian on the set \(\Omega\) and \({|\cdot|}\) is the \(d\)-dimensional Lebesgue measure. A set \(\Omega\subset\mathbb R^d\) is \(d^*\)-regular if \(\partial\Omega\) is the disjoint union of a regular part \(\roman{Reg}(\partial\Omega)\) and a singular part \(\roman{Sing}(\partial\Omega)\) such that \(\roman{Reg}(\partial\Omega)\) is an open subset of \(\partial\Omega\) and locally a \(C^\infty\) hypersurface of codimension one, and \(\roman{Sing}(\partial\Omega)\) is a closed subset of \(\partial\Omega\) and has the following properties: (i)\,if \(d<d^*\), then \(\roman{Sing}(\partial\Omega)\) is empty, (ii)\,if \(d=d^*\), then the singular set \(\roman{Sing}(\partial\Omega)\) contains at most a finite number of isolated points, and (iii)\,if \(d>d^*\), then the Hausdorff dimension of \(\roman{Sing}(\partial\Omega)\) is less than \(d-d^*\). In this work, the authors consider the natural number \(d^*\in[5,7]\) as the smallest dimension at which the free boundaries of the local minima of the scalar one-phase functional \(u\mapsto\int|\Delta u|^2dx+|\{u>0\}|\) admit singularities. They prove that if the open set \(\Omega^*_k\subset\mathbb R^d\) is an optimal set for the shape optimization problem \((*)\), then \(\Omega^*_k\) is connected and \(d^*\)-regular. Moreover, the vector \(U=(u_1,\dots,u_k)\) of the normalized eigenfunctions is such that \(|U|\) has a \(C^1\) extension on the regular part of the free boundary and satisfies the optimality condition \(\big|\Delta|U|\big|=\sqrt{\Lambda}\) on \(\roman{Reg}(\partial\Omega^*_k)\), where the constant \(\Lambda\) is given by \(\Lambda=\frac2d\sum\limits_{i=1}^k\lambda_i(\Omega^*_k)\).

Recommendations

Cites work

Cited in

(50)

This page was built for publication: Regularity of the optimal sets for some spectral functionals

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q529615)