Trilinear embedding for divergence-form operators with complex coefficients

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2023.109239MaRDI QIDQ6076328zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Andrea Carbonaro, Oliver Dragičević, Vjekoslav Kovač, K. A. Škreb

Publication date 21 September 2023

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.11694

zbMATH Keywords

\(p\)-ellipticityelliptic differential operatormultilinear estimateoperator semigroup

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Second-order elliptic equations (35J15) One-parameter semigroups and linear evolution equations (47D06)

Abstract: We prove a dimension-free $L^p(Omega)imes{L}^q(Omega)imes{L}^r(Omega)ightarrow{L}^1(Omegaimes(0,infty))$ embedding for triples of elliptic operators in divergence form with complex coefficients and subject to mixed boundary conditions on $Omega$, and for triples of exponents $p,q,rin(1,infty)$ mutually related by the identity $1/p+1/q+1/r=1$. Here $Omega$ is allowed to be an arbitrary open subset of $mathbb{R}^d$. Our assumptions involving the exponents and coefficient matrices are expressed in terms of a condition known as $p$-ellipticity. The proof utilizes the method of Bellman functions and heat flows. As a corollary, we give applications to (i) paraproducts and (ii) square functions associated with the corresponding operator semigroups, moreover, we prove (iii) inequalities of Kato--Ponce type for elliptic operators with complex coefficients. All the above results are the first of their kind for elliptic divergence-form operators with complex coefficients on arbitrary open sets. Furthermore, the approach to (ii),(iii) through trilinear embeddings seems to be new.

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Cited in

(6)

• Bilinear embedding for divergence-form operators with complex coefficients on irregular domains
• Bilinear embedding in Orlicz spaces for divergence-form operators with complex coefficients
• Bilinear embedding for real elliptic differential operators in divergence form with potentials
• Bilinear embedding for perturbed divergence-form operator with complex coefficients on irregular domains
• Bilinear embedding for Schrödinger-type operators with complex coefficients
• Bilinear embedding for divergence-form operators with negative potentials

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