The geometric classification of nilpotent commutative \(\mathfrak{CD}\)-algebras (Q2162427)

Let \(V\) be complex vector space with basis \(\{e_1,\ldots,e_n\}\). An \(n\)-dimensional (nonassociative) algebra \(A\) with multiplication rule \[ e_ie_j=\sum_{k=1}^nc_{ij}^ke_k, c_{ij}^k\in{\mathbb C}, \] can be identified with a point of the algebraic variety \(\Hom(V\otimes V,V)\cong V^{\ast}\otimes V^{\ast}\otimes V\). The general linear group \(GL(V)\) acts by conjugation on \(\Hom(V\otimes V,V)\) and the orbits correspond to the classes of isomorphic algebras. If the algebras \(A\) belong to a variety of algebras defined by a set \(T\) of polynomial identities, then the associated subset \({\mathbb L}(T)\) of \(\Hom(V\otimes V,V)\) is \(GL(V)\)-invariant and Zarisski closed. Hence \({\mathbb L}(T)\) is a union of a finite number of irreducible components. \par A (nonassociative) algebra \(A\) belongs to the variety of algebras \(\mathfrak{CD}\) if the commutator \([R_a,R_b]\) of two right multiplications \(R_a\) and \(R_b\), \(a,b\in A\), is a derivation of \(A\). In the paper under review the authors study the algebraic variety corresponding to the 5-dimensional nilpotent commutative algebras in \(\mathfrak{CD}\). The authors use the algebraic classification (in terms of structure constants) given by them in [\textit{D. Jumaniyozov} et al., Commun. Algebra 49, No. 4, 1464--1494 (2021; Zbl 1483.17003)] and describe the algebras which determine the irreducible components. The main result states that the corresponding variety has dimension 24 and decomposes into ten irreducible components determined by the Zariski closures of a two-parameter family of algebras, three one-parameter families of algebras, and six rigid algebras.