Ulrich ideals and 2-AGL rings (Q2174534)

Let \((R, \mathfrak m)\) be a Cohen-Macaulay local ring of dimension \(1\) and let \(K_R\) be its canonical module. Let \(I\) be a canonical ideal of \(R\) which means \(I\simeq K_R.\) Let \(Q=(a)\) be a minimal reduction of \(I\). Let \(\mathcal R=\mathcal R(I)\) and \(\mathcal T=\mathcal R(Q)\) be the Rees algebras of \(I\) and \(Q\) respectively. Let \(S_Q(I)=I{\mathcal R}/I {\mathcal T}\) be the Sally module of \(I\) with respect to \(Q.\) For all large \(n,\) the length \(\ell(R/I^{n+1})\) is given by a polynomial \(P_I(n)\) written as \(P_I(n)=e_0(I)\binom{n+1}{1}-e_1(I).\) Here \(e_0(I), e_1(I)\) are called the Hilbert coefficients of \(R\) with respect to \(I.\) The rank of \(S_Q(I)\) is defined to be \(\ell_{T_{\mathfrak p}}[S_Q(I)]_{\mathfrak p}\) where \(\mathfrak p=\mathfrak m {\mathcal T}.\) We say that \(R\) is a 2-AGL ring if \(\text{rank } S_Q(I)=2.\) This is equivalent to \(e_1(I)=e_0(I)-\ell(R/I)+2.\) \textit{T. D. M. Chau} et al. [J. Algebra 521, 299--330 (2019; Zbl 1454.13043)] obtained several characterisations of 2-AGL rings in terms of reduction number of \(I\) with respect to \(Q\) and co-length of the canonical fractional ideal \(K\) and the conductor ideal \(\mathcal C\) of \(R[K]\) into \(R.\) The authors consider the minimal presentations of \(K\) to characterise 2-AGL rings. It is proved that \(R\) is a 2-AGL ring if and only if the finer product \(R\times_{R/\mathcal C} R\) is so. Ulrich ideals are studied in 2-AGL rings. Let \(R\) be a 2-AGL ring with minimal multiplicity and let \(K\) be its canonical fractional ideal. If \(K/R\) is \(R/{\mathcal C}\)-free then \({\mathcal C}\) and \(\mathfrak m\) are the only Ulrich ideals of \(R.\) In case \(K/R\) is not \(R/{\mathcal C}\)-free then the only Ulrich ideal is \(\mathfrak m.\)